Reference : "Are you a boy or girl?" Who are the non-responders

	Document type :	Scientific congresses, symposiums and conference proceedings : Unpublished conference
	Discipline(s) :	Social & behavioral sciences, psychology : Sociology & social sciences Human health sciences : Public health, health care sciences & services
	Focus Areas :	Migration and Inclusive Societies
	To cite this reference:	http://hdl.handle.net/10993/39948

Title :	"Are you a boy or girl?" Who are the non-responders
Language :	English
Author, co-author :	Heinz, Andreas [University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Language and Literature, Humanities, Arts and Education (FLSHASE) > Integrative Research Unit: Social and Individual Development (INSIDE) >]
	Catunda, Carolina [University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Language and Literature, Humanities, Arts and Education (FLSHASE) > Integrative Research Unit: Social and Individual Development (INSIDE) >]
	van Duin, Claire [University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Language and Literature, Humanities, Arts and Education (FLSHASE) > Integrative Research Unit: Social and Individual Development (INSIDE) >]
	Willems, Helmut [University of Luxembourg > Faculty of Language and Literature, Humanities, Arts and Education (FLSHASE) > Integrative Research Unit: Social and Individual Development (INSIDE) >]
	Költő, András []
	Moreau, Nathalie []
	Godeau, Emmanuelle []
Publication date :	20-Jun-2019
Peer reviewed :	Yes
On invitation :	No
Audience :	International
Event name :	HBSC Spring Meeting
Event date :	18-20 June 2019
Event organizer :	HBSC - WHO
Event place (city) :	Reykjavik
Event country :	Iceland
Keywords :	[en] Item non-response ; gender identity ; bullying ; well-being ; LGBT
Abstract :	[en] Background: In many studies, participants who do not state their gender are excluded from the analysis. This may be appropriate if they do not answer the questionnaire seriously. However, some participants may have understandable reasons for not reporting their gender, e.g. questioning their gender identity. Objective: How many students and which students do not answer the question on gender? Methods: HBSC 2018 raw data from Ireland, Luxembourg, Belgium and France are compared. To explore the reasons for non-response, we divided the participants into 3 groups: 1. Responders answered both sociodemographic questions (age and gender) 2. age non-responders did not answer the question on age. 3. Gender non-responders answered the question on age, but not the one on gender. Results: Between 0.8% (Ireland) and 1.2% (Luxembourg) of participants did not report their gender. About half of them did not answer the age question either. However, the other half belong to the group of gender non-responders and this group is disadvantaged compared to responders: they report lower life satisfaction, lower self-rated health, more health complaints, less peer support and their WHO-5 Well-being score is lower. Not answering the question on gender is rare. If the participants answered the question on age, but not the question on gender, then the variable gender is missing not at random. Implication: The question arises whether the group of gender non-responders should be included in the analysis and whether the question on gender should be asked differently in the future.
Permalink :	http://hdl.handle.net/10993/39948

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