http://hdl.handle.net/10993/114 Search this channel search https://orbilu.uni.lu/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55966 Title: Changing attitudes towards female genital mutilation. From conflicts of loyalty to reconciliation with self and the community: The role of emotion regulation <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Agboli, Afi; Richard, Fabienne; Botbol Baum, Mylene; Brackelaire, Jean-Luc; D'Aguanno, Annalisa; Diallo, Khadidiatou; Mikolajczak, Moïra; Ricadat, Elise; Aujoulat, Isabelle <br/> <br/>Abstract: The practice of female genital mutilation (FGM) is a social norm embedded in the patriarchal system and is resistant to change due to its roots in the tradition of the practising communities. Despite this difficulty in change, some women succeed in changing their attitudes towards the practice. In trying to understand what makes these women change their attitudes, we identified in a previous study, the critical life events at which change occurs (turning point). These turning points were described with emotions and conflicting feelings based on which we hypothesised that emotion regulation and the resolution of conflicts of loyalty might be possible mechanisms that explain the change of attitudes by the women. In this article, we sought to investigate how the mechanisms interact and how they were at play to explain the change. We, therefore, triangulated our previous data, fifteen women interviewed twice, with the published life stories and public testimonies of 10 women with FGM, and interviews of six experts chosen for their complementary fields of expertise to discuss the emerging concepts and theory, generated by our study. The data were analysed using framework analysis and an element of the grounded theory approach (constant comparison). As a result of our theorisation process, we propose a model of change in five stages (Emotion suppression, The awakening, The clash, Re-appropriation of self, and Reconciliation). This describes the process of a woman’s journey from compliance with FGM and community norms to non-compliance. Our study reveals how the women whose stories were analysed, moved from being full members of their community at the cost of suppressing their emotions and denying their selves, to becoming their whole selves while symbolically remaining members of their communities through the forgiveness of their mothers. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55964 Title: Zusammenhänge zwischen sozio-ökonomischem Status und Darmmikrobiom als Risiko für Demenz <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Leist, Anja; Wilmes, Paul; Krüger, Rejko; NCER-PD Consortium http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55837 Title: Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and cognitive ageing <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Leist, Anja http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55829 Title: Dual factor model of adolescent mental: profiles of school-aged children in Luxembourg <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Lopes Ferreira, Joana; Goedert Mendes, Felipe; Catunda, Carolina <br/> <br/>Abstract: Background The Dual Factor Model (DFM) of mental health takes in account the psychopathology symptoms, but also the positive affects of well-being, in order to have a comprehensive view of mental health. Objective Explore the profiles of the well-being and mental health, based on the DFM, and the factors associated to it, during adolescence in Luxembourg. Method The study is based on the 2022 HBSC survey. It comprehends 7201 adolescents from 11 to 18-years old, that attended schools in Luxembourg with national curriculum. Based on DFM and according to subjective well-being (WHO-5 Index) and anxiety symptomatology (GAD-2), the sample was divided in 4 groups: 1. complete mental health; 2. incomplete mental health; 3. incomplete mental illness; 4. complete mental illness. It was performed descriptive and bivariate analysis based on a selection of sociodemographic, physical and social variables. Results Results show that most of the adolescents have Complete mental health (49.5%), followed by 21.9% of Complete mental illness (Incomplete mental health 16.3%; Incomplete mental illness 12.2%). Each group has different characteristics. For instance, Complete mental illness is characterized by girls, adolescents with fair/poor perceived health, frequent multiple health complaints, who rarely practice vigorous physical activity, who report low/medium support from teacher, low support from family and often feel lonely. Conclusion The four profiles vary according to the influence of well-being on mental health. Interventions and prevent strategies should focus on girls and physical and social dimensions of adolescents’ life. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55740 Title: Soins de santé primaires et approche palliative <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Elst, Simon; Friedel, Marie <br/> <br/>Abstract: Quarante ans après la conférence d’Alma-Ata sur les soins de santé primaires (SSP), l’Organisation mondiale de la santé s’est réunie en 2018 à Astana pour jeter un regard critique sur leur mise en œuvre à travers le monde et pour questionner leur actualité face aux contextes et enjeux contemporains. Pour pouvoir « satisfaire les besoins en santé de toutes les populations tout au long de la vie », la Déclaration d’Astana [1] intègre pour la première fois les soins palliatifs aux SSP. Retrouve-t-on cette approche dans l’organisation et l’offre de ces soins en Belgique ? http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55722 Title: Effects of cumulative COVID-19 cases on mental health: Evidence from multi-country survey <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Shanaya Rathod, Saseendran Pallikadavath, Elizabeth Graves, Mohammad M Rahman, Ashlea Brooks, Pranay Rathod, Rachna Bhargava, Muhammad Irfan, Reham Aly, Haifa Mohammad Saleh Al Gahtani, Zahwa Salam, Steven Wai Ho Chau, Theone S E Paterson, Brianna Turner, Viktoria Gorbunova, Vitaly Klymchuk, Peter Phiri Rathod S, Pallikadavath S, Graves E, Rahman MM, Brooks A, Rathod P, Bhargava R, Irfan M, Aly R, Mohammad Saleh Al Gahtani H, Salam Z, Chau SWH, Paterson TSE, Turner B, Gorbunova V, Klymchuk V, Phiri P. ; Gorbunova, Viktoriia; Klymchuk, Vitalii <br/> <br/>Abstract: BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety were both ranked among the top 25 leading causes of global burden of diseases in 2019 prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The pandemic affected, and in many cases threatened, the health and lives of millions of people across the globe and within the first year, global prevalence of anxiety and depression increased by 25% with the greatest influx in places highly affected by COVID-19. AIM To explore the psychological impact of the pandemic and resultant restrictions in different countries using an opportunistic sample and online questionnaire in different phases of the pandemic. METHODS A repeated, cross-sectional online international survey of adults, 16 years and above, was carried out in 10 countries (United Kingdom, India, Canada, Bangladesh, Ukraine, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Egypt, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia). The online questionnaire was based on published approaches to understand the psychological impact of COVID-19 and the resultant restrictions. Five standardised measures were included to explore levels of depression [patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9)], anxiety [generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) assessment], impact of trauma [the impact of events scale-revised (IES-R)], loneliness (a brief loneliness scale), and social support (The Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social support). RESULTS There were two rounds of the online survey in 10 countries with 42866 participants in Round 1 and 92260 in Round 2. The largest number of participants recruited from the United Kingdom (112985 overall). The majority of participants reported receiving no support from mental health services throughout the pandemic. This study found that the daily cumulative COVID-19 cases had a statistically significant effect on PHQ-9, GAD-7, and IES-R scores. These scores significantly increased in the second round of surveys with the ordinary least squares regression results with regression discontinuity design specification (to control lockdown effects) confirming these results. The study findings imply that participants’ mental health worsened with high cumulative COVID-19 cases. CONCLUSION Whist we are still living through the impact of COVID-19, this paper focuses on its impact on mental health, discusses the possible consequences and future implications. This study revealed that daily cumulative COVID-19 cases have a significant impact on depression, anxiety, and trauma. Increasing cumulative cases influenced and impacted education, employment, socialization and finances, to name but a few. Building a database of global evidence will allow for future planning of pandemics, particularly the impact on mental health of populations considering the cultural differences. Rathod S, Pallikadavath S, Graves E, Rahman MM, Brooks A, Rathod P, Bhargava R, Irfan M, Aly R, Mohammad Saleh Al Gahtani H, Salam Z, Chau SWH, Paterson TSE, Turner B, Gorbunova V, Klymchuk V, Phiri P. Effects of cumulative COVID-19 cases on mental health: Evidence from multi-country survey. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13(7): 461-477 [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i7.461] http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55704 Title: Depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation and social determinants of mental health of Romani in Ukraine <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Gorbunova, Viktoriia; Klymchuk, Vitalii; Savychenko, Olga; Palii, Valeriia; Kondur, Zemfira; Popenko, Viola; Oates, John <br/> <br/>Abstract: Purpose This paper aims to explore the prevalence of depression, anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation among the Romani population in Ukraine and their connections with various social health determinants: age, gender, household characteristics, employment and living conditions. Design/methodology/approach For measuring mental health conditions, GAD-7 and PHQ-9 were used. Individual interviews were conducted by trained volunteers of the International Charitable Organization “Roma Women’s Foundation Chirikli”. Data were gathered from January to March 2020. Findings The overall level of depression found in the sample was 8.08, while the mean for anxiety was 7.22. In general, 32.7% of respondents scored positively for signs of depression and 29.6% for anxiety. The two-week prevalence of suicidal ideations was 26.9%. Compared to the general population, the prevalence of depression among the Romani research participants was twofold higher, and anxiety was 2.5-fold higher. Signs of depression and anxiety in women were significantly higher (36% vs 28.6% for depression and 33.9% vs 24.2% for anxiety) than in men. Signs of depression and anxiety were higher for people without education than for university students (9.32 vs 3.04 for depression and 8.26 vs 3.00 for anxiety). The lowest levels of depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation were among officially married persons (6.61, 6.36 and 0.23, respectively). Significant small positive correlations were found between all measurements and the number of household members (0.149 for depression, 0.124 for suicidal ideation and 0.175 for anxiety; p < 0.001) and the number of children (0.303 for depression, 0.224 for suicidal ideation and 0.243 for anxiety; p < 0.001). In terms of employment, the highest scores for depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation were found among those who are employed seasonally (9.06, 8.25 and 0.61) or irregularly (9.09, 8.12 and 0.57) in contrast with self-employed (4.88, 4.90 and 0.19) and full-time employees (5.86, 5.51 and 0.18). Living place (city, village or camp) showed no relation with mental health, except for suicidal ideation: those living in villages had higher levels of suicidal ideation than those living in cities (0.49 vs 0.31). Research limitations/implications The study has some limitations. Data were gathered from January to March 2020, and since then, the situation in Ukraine has drastically changed due to the full-scale Russian invasion. While this study’s data and conclusions might serve as a baseline for further research, they do not represent the real-time situation. While many social factors were analysed, the effects found for them do not necessarily represent causality, given the statistical methods used. Interactions among factors were not studied; therefore, no firm conclusions can be made about the effects of those interactions on mental health. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is original in terms of its topic, as the first-ever in Ukraine quantitative study of mental health and social determinants of mental health of the Romani population. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55554 Title: Socioeconomic Deprivation, Genetic Risk, and Incident Dementia <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Klee, Matthias; Leist, Anja; Veldsman, Michele; Ranson, Janice M; Llewellyn, David J http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55389 Title: A summary of the 38th Annual International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Presidential Panel: How the traumatic stress community can assist individuals affected by the war in Ukraine <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Frankova, Iryna; Klymchuk, Vitalii; Nickerson, Angela; Sijbrandij, Marit; Amstadter, Ananda <br/> <br/>Abstract: As the premier global traumatic stress society, the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) has an important role to play in educating and raising awareness about the consequences of traumatic events, such as the war in Ukraine. On November 12, 2022, during its 38th annual meeting, the ISTSS hosted an invited Presidential Panel, chaired by Ananda Amstadter during her term as ISTSS President, that brought together trauma experts Peter Ventevogel, Marit Sijbrandij, Vitalii Klymchuck, Iryna Frankova, and Angela Nickerson to highlight how traumatic stress professionals can assist individuals affected by the war in Ukraine. The present paper summarizes the key points from the panel and discusses future challenges anticipated for people affected by the war. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55359 Title: Wie lässt sich das individuelle Risiko für Demenz reduzieren? Neue Erkenntnisse aus der Demenz-Präventionsforschung <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Leist, Anja http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55262 Title: Mental health and homelessness in the social service providers' outlook (Luxembourg case) <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Dujardin, Céline; Klymchuk, Vitalii; Gorbunova, Viktoriia <br/> <br/>Abstract: Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the perception of the mental health problems of the homeless population in a high-income country (Luxembourg) by social service providers and to develop proposals for better inclusion of homeless people into the mental health services and homeless people with mental health issues into society. Design/methodology/approach The study was of qualitative design and conducted using a semi-structured interview method (in person). The semi-structured interviews (seven participants) were conducted to analyse the challenges, practice approaches and prospects of stakeholders or decision-makers working in housing exclusion and homelessness. A secondary thematic analysis of this content regarding mental health issues was performed. Findings Three main themes in the social providers’ perception were identified related to mental health and homelessness: the general view on the mental health problems of homeless people (accent on substance use disorders [SUDs], overshadowing of other mental health conditions by the SUDs); the positive impact of housing and social services on the mental health of the homeless per se (role of social rhythms, social connectedness and multidisciplinary approach are emphasised); and the need for improvement of mental health services in the country (need for the long-term timely continuing mental health support and recognition of the importance of complex intersectional and multidisciplinary solutions). Research limitations/implications Mental health themes were not the primary focus while research was planned and conducted. They were revealed as results of secondary qualitative data analysis. Therefore, additional mental health-focused mixed methods research is needed to verify the conclusions. The paper is written on the results of the research project “Social Housing and Homelessness” (SOHOME), implemented at the University of Luxembourg with the financial support of the Fonds National de la Recherche of Luxembourg (FNR12626464). The sponsor had no involvement in the study design, the collection, analysis and interpretation of data or the preparation of the paper. Practical implications The study brings together different perspectives from social workers, stakeholders and decision-makers. The results show that there are cross-field connections between homelessness and mental health that require specialised and coordinated services. The first existing approaches seem to be promising in their continuation but need to be promoted by social policy. Social implications To promote social cohesion in the Luxembourgish society and also to include one of the most vulnerable people, the study points to the importance of the link between homelessness and compromised mental health. Appropriate support and service provision as well as social and affordable housing play a central role. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind, revealing several social work stakeholders’ perspective on the mental health of homeless people in Luxembourg. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/55246 Title: Gender inequalities as contributors to dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean: what factors are missing from research? <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Ribeiro, Fabiana; Crivelli, Lucía; Leist, Anja http://hdl.handle.net/10993/54918 Title: Impact émotionnel de la covid-19 chez les infirmières <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Lecocq, Dan; Lefebvre, Hélène; Bellier, Tanja; Antonini, Matteo; Dumont, Jacques; Van Cutsem, Chantal; Draye, Marie-Charlotte; Haguinet, Noémie; Delmas, Philippe <br/> <br/>Abstract: Les répercussions de la covid-19 ont été majeures sur le système de santé. Une recherche qualitative consensuelle explore les émotions variées ressenties par les infirmières au chevet de patients hospitalisés. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/54917 Title: Vécu des infirmières lors de la pandémie de COVID-19 et conséquences sur leur relation avec les patients : une recherche qualitative consensuelle <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Moriconi, Stéphane; Lazuckiewiez, Manon; Lefebvre, Hélène; Lecocq, Dan <br/> <br/>Abstract: Dans les hôpitaux psychiatriques, des modifications importantes et rapides de l’organisation des services ont été décidées dès le début de la pandémie de COVID-19. Le but de cette recherche est de décrire et comprendre le vécu des infirmières et cadres de santé, en unités intrahospitalières de psychiatrie, confrontés aux bouleversements professionnels occasionnés par la première vague de l’épidémie, ainsi que l’impact de cet événement sur la relation avec les patients. Une recherche qualitative consensuelle selon Hill a été mise en œuvre. Seize entretiens individuels ont été réalisés auprès de onze infirmières et cinq cadres de santé. Les idées exprimées peuvent être regroupées en cinq domaines : les aspects du vécu se rapportant à la relation de soins, les aspects positifs du vécu des soignants, les aspects négatifs du vécu des soignants, les réflexions sur l’après-crise et le rôle du cadre remis en question. Ces cinq domaines peuvent être subdivisés en 11 catégories et 31 sous-catégories. Des valeurs, attitudes et comportements humanistes – caring – sont identifiés comme faisant partie d’un futur désirable. Ils semblent être à la fois des éléments du processus de transformation et du résultat souhaité. Il parait indispensable de repenser sans délais l’organisation des soins sur cette base. <br/> <br/>Commentary: Place: Toulouse Publisher: Association de Recherche en Soins Infirmiers http://hdl.handle.net/10993/54916 Title: Pratiques et enjeux de la sédation palliative en Belgique <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Elst, Simon; Launois, Anne-Catherine; Lecocq, Dan <br/> <br/>Abstract: En Belgique, la sédation continue en soins palliatifs est considérée comme un traitement symptomatique. Il n’existe pas de législation spécifique pour l’encadrer. Son utilisation adéquate repose sur un ensemble de recommandations qui permettent de s’assurer à la fois d’un traitement efficace et du respect des préférences du patient, dans un cadre éthique rigoureux. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/54915 Title: Expériences d’apprentissages-enseignements des stagiaires infirmiers bacheliers en relation avec le prendre soin humaniste-caring <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Lecocq, Dan http://hdl.handle.net/10993/54868 Title: Alkohol, Tabak und Cannabis – Motive und Nutzungsverhalten <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Residori, Caroline; Schumacher, Anette; Samuel, Robin http://hdl.handle.net/10993/54841 Title: Distribution of psychological instability among surgeons <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Kalywis, Anna L.; Samuel, Robin; Scholtes, Felix; Reuter, Gilles; Stienen, Martin N.; Seifritz, Erich; Surbeck, Werner <br/> <br/>Abstract: Background High emotional instability, i.e. neuroticism, is associated with poor mental health. Conversely, traumatic experiences may increase neuroticism. Stressful experiences such as complications are common in the surgical profession, with neurosurgeons being particularly affected. We compared the personality trait neuroticism between physicians in a prospective cross-sectional study. Methods 5,148). Multivariate linear regression was used to model differences between surgeons, non-surgeons and specialties with occasional surgical interventions with respect to neuroticism, adjusting for gender, age, age squared and their interactions, then testing equality of parameters of adjusted predictions separately and jointly using Wald tests. Results With an expected variability within disciplines, average levels of neuroticism are lower in surgeons than non-surgeons, especially in the first part of their career. However, the course of neuroticism across age follows a quadratic pattern, i.e., an increase after the initial decrease. The acceleration of neuroticism with age is specifically significant in surgeons. Levels of neuroticism are lowest towards mid-career, but exhibit a strong secondary increase towards the end of the surgeons’ career. This pattern seems driven by neurosurgeons. Conclusion Despite initially lower levels of neuroticism, surgeons suffer a stronger increase of neuroticism together with age. Since, beyond well-being, neuroticism influences professional performance and healthcare systems costs, explanatory studies are mandatory to enlighten causes of this burden. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/54461 Title: Metabolomic profiles in night shift workers: A cross-sectional study on hospital female nurses <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Borroni, Elisa; Frigerio, Gianfranco; Polledri, Elisa; Mercadante, Rosa; Maggioni, Cristina; Fedrizzi, Luca; Pesatori, Angela Cecilia; Fustinoni, Silvia; Carugno, Michele <br/> <br/>Abstract: Background and aim: Shift work, especially including night shifts, has been found associated with several diseases, including obesity, diabetes, cancers, and cardiovascular, mental, gastrointestinal and sleep disorders. Metabolomics (an omics-based methodology) may shed light on early biological alterations underlying these associations. We thus aimed to evaluate the effect of night shift work (NSW) on serum metabolites in a sample of hospital female nurses. Methods: We recruited 46 nurses currently working in NSW in Milan (Italy), matched to 51 colleagues not employed in night shifts. Participants filled in a questionnaire on demographics, lifestyle habits, personal and family health history and work, and donated a blood sample. The metabolome was evaluated through a validated targeted approach measuring 188 metabolites. Only metabolites with at least 50% observations above the detection limit were considered, after standardization and log-transformation. Associations between each metabolite and NSW were assessed applying Tobit regression models and Random Forest, a machine-learning algorithm. Results: When comparing current vs. never night shifters, we observed lower levels of 21 glycerophospholipids and 6 sphingolipids, and higher levels of serotonin (+171.0%, 95%CI: 49.1–392.7), aspartic acid (+155.8%, 95%CI: 40.8–364.7), and taurine (+182.1%, 95%CI: 67.6–374.9). The latter was higher in former vs. never night shifters too (+208.8%, 95%CI: 69.2–463.3). Tobit regression comparing ever (i.e., current + former) and never night shifters returned similar results. Years worked in night shifts did not seem to affect metabolite levels. The Random-Forest algorithm confirmed taurine and aspartic acid among the most important variables in discriminating current vs. never night shifters. Conclusions: This study, although based on a small sample size, shows altered levels of some metabolites in night shift workers. If confirmed, our results may shed light on early biological alterations that might be related to adverse health effects of NSW. http://hdl.handle.net/10993/54456 Title: Region of birth differences in healthcare navigation and optimisation: the interplay of racial discrimination and socioeconomic position <br/> <br/>Author, co-author: Paccoud, Ivana; Nazroo, James; Leist, Anja