Modellierung und Validierung von Simulationsansätzen für die aussenliegende Lufttemperierung

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Écologie culturelle d’une petite littérature européenne

in Écocritique : nouvelles territorialités 2 (in press)

L’écolittérature jeunesse face à demain

in Littérature de jeunesse et écologie (in press)

Wide-Beamwidth Circular Polarized Antenna for Diversity Combining Applications

in Vasquez-Peralvo, Juan Andres; Merlano Duncan, Juan Carlos; Eappen, Geoffrey (Eds.) et al Global Communications Conference, Rio de Janeiro, 4 - 9 December 2022 (in press)

This paper presents the design, simulation, and manufacturing of a right-hand circularly polarized antenna working in the frequency band 17.7-20.2 GHz with a beamwidth of 42.4$^\circ$ and 5.4$^\circ$ for ... [more ▼]

This paper presents the design, simulation, and manufacturing of a right-hand circularly polarized antenna working in the frequency band 17.7-20.2 GHz with a beamwidth of 42.4$^\circ$ and 5.4$^\circ$ for the H-plane and E-plane, respectively. The presented antenna is part of a set of three antennas, two high-gain antennas, and, presented in this paper, a low directive antenna used for reception. The application we describe in this paper combines the radio-frequency signals obtained from the O3b satellite constellation, using three antennas to apply path diversity later to reconstruct the original signal. Moreover, using an antenna with a beamwidth in one plane allows receiving two satellite signals at the same time, increasing by 3 dB the overall gain. The wide-band capabilities of the antenna are obtained using aperture coupling. In particular, the circular polarization of the antenna is generated using a truncated corner square patch. Further, a metasurface is placed at the top to enhance the axial ratio. Importantly, the simulation results obtained using CST Microwave Studio show that the antenna has a reflection coefficient below -10 dB and an axial ratio below -3 dB in the intended frequency range. [less ▲]

Déchets radioactifs : que dire aux générations futures ?

in Peut-on tout leur dire ? Formes de l’indicible en littérature jeunesse (in press)

Glwssiki ikanotita, glwssiki chrisi kai glwssikes staseis Alvanwn metanastwn prwtis kai defteris genias stin Ellada.

(in press)

Von Objekt- und Meta-Ebenen: Analyse der Softwareanforderungen computergestützter juristischer Entscheidungen

in Recht DIGITAL – 25 Jahre IRIS, Proceedings of the International Legal Informatics Symposium (IRIS 2022) (in press)

Die Interpretation und Anwendung von Gesetzestexten auf einem konkreten Lebenssachverhalt erfordert von menschlichen Experten ein hohes Maß an Wissen, Erfahrung und die Fähigkeit zahlreiche kontextuelle ... [more ▼]

Die Interpretation und Anwendung von Gesetzestexten auf einem konkreten Lebenssachverhalt erfordert von menschlichen Experten ein hohes Maß an Wissen, Erfahrung und die Fähigkeit zahlreiche kontextuelle Überlegungen anzustellen. Die Formalisierung und Automatisierung solch eines Prozesses in einem computergestützten Verfahren muss dies entsprechend reflektieren. Ausgehend von einer Fallstudie werden in dieser Arbeit erforderliche juridische Schritte der Rechtsanwendung identifiziert und verschiedenen Objekt- und Meta-Ebenen zugeordnet. Diese Zuordnung erlaubt eine abstrakte Analyse von Softwareanforderungen, die juristische Assistenzsysteme erfüllen müssen, um bei juristischen Fallentscheidungen unterstützen zu können. [less ▲]

Discrete-Phase Sequence Design with Stopband and PSL Constraints for Cognitive Radar

in Proceedings of EuRAD 2020 (in press)

We present the design of discrete-phase sequences considering simultaneously the peak sidelobe level (PSL) and avoiding reserved frequency bands which are occupied by narrowband interferers or ... [more ▼]

We present the design of discrete-phase sequences considering simultaneously the peak sidelobe level (PSL) and avoiding reserved frequency bands which are occupied by narrowband interferers or communications. We use the coordinate descent framework and propose an algorithm to design discrete-phase sequences with spectral power suppressed in arbitrary bands and with low auto-correlation sidelobes in terms of PSL. Our proposed algorithm exploits fast Fourier transform and is, therefore, computationally efficient. The over-the-air experiments using implementation on software-defined radio show reasonable agreement with numerical simulations and feasibility for field-deployment [less ▲]

Triangular Intertwined Frequency Selective Surface

in Vasquez-Peralvo, Juan Andres; Merlano Duncan, Juan Carlos; Chatzinotas, Symeon (Eds.) et al International symposium on antennas and propagation (in press)

This paper presents a frequency selective surface design and simulation using intertwined triangular structures. It has been discovered that by using the proposed tessellated intertwined lattice, the ... [more ▼]

This paper presents a frequency selective surface design and simulation using intertwined triangular structures. It has been discovered that by using the proposed tessellated intertwined lattice, the reduction of the resonance frequency of a frequency selective surface can be improved by 22.58% compared with other triangular structures. Additionally, this structure is used as a MEFSS to improve the miniaturization of the structure and obtain a compact, angular stable band-pass filter. The simulations presented in this paper have been obtained using CST Microwave Studio. [less ▲]

La littérature luxembourgeoise à l’école : une didactique interculturelle de la littérature en contexte multilingue

in Transnationale und interkulturelle Literaturwissenschaft und Litertaturdidaktik : Konzeptionelle und digitale Transformationen (in press)

In Luxembourg, multilingual requirements are a corollary of the country’s historical trilingualism and characterize its school system: Luxembourgish is the national language, French and German the ... [more ▼]

In Luxembourg, multilingual requirements are a corollary of the country’s historical trilingualism and characterize its school system: Luxembourgish is the national language, French and German the official languages. Like other European countries, English tends to occupy an increasingly important place, as a language taught in secondary school, while Luxembourgish plays only a minor role as a school subject. Rooted in the traditional association of language and literature, Luxembourg’s school environment is still largely organized according to a juxtaposed multilingualism, with clear linguistic separations and specific disciplinary cultures. These characteristics considerably hinder, among others, the entry of works from the Luxembourg literary field into the curricular path of secondary education. In fact, Luxembourgish literature, an essentially multilingual (Luxembourgish, French, German and more recently English, Italian, Portuguese) and small literature, is hardly taught in schools: the national literature struggles to impose itself compared to the cultural references of the large neighboring countries. At the same time, the weak literary production intended for adolescent readers, which translates socio-literarily into the absence of specific editorial collections, finds only a slight echo with its recipients. Starting from this double literary and didactic context, we wish to present our project to publish a novel by a French-language Luxembourg author in a digital format, thus remediatizing the texts, and broadening them with educational content and activities. The development of these new media considers the multilingual and intercultural particularities of Luxembourg’s literary and school environments and targets a readership fond of new reading practices. By adopting a research-action approach, we’d like to cover multiple research areas (multilingual children's literature in a small literary field, digital reading practices, teaching of literary reading in a multilingual school context) and we could integrate the project in our teaching in the Master in Secondary Education to train future teachers. [less ▲]

Fuzzing for CPS Mutation Testing

in Proceedings of the 38th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (in press)

Introduction : Indicible et littérature jeunesse, une antinomie ?

in Peut-on tout leur dire ? Formes de l’indicible en littérature jeunesse (in press)

Blockchain Governance: An Overview and Prediction of Optimal Strategies Using Nash Equilibrium

in 3rd AUE International Research Conference (in press)

Blockchain governance is a subject of ongoing research and an interdisciplinary view of blockchain governance is vital to aid in further research for establishing a formal governance framework for this ... [more ▼]

Blockchain governance is a subject of ongoing research and an interdisciplinary view of blockchain governance is vital to aid in further research for establishing a formal governance framework for this nascent technology. In this paper, the position of blockchain governance within the hierarchy of Institutional governance is discussed. Blockchain governance is analyzed from the perspective of IT governance using Nash equilibrium to predict the outcome of different governance decisions. A payoff matrix for blockchain governance is created and simulation of different strategy profiles is accomplished for computation of all Nash equilibria. We also create payoff matrices for different kinds of blockchain governance, which were used to propose novel mathematical formulae usable to predict the best governance strategy that minimizes the occurrence of a hard fork as well as predicts the behavior of the majority during protocol updates. [less ▲]

Eaux polymorphes dans l’œuvre de Jean Portante. Lecture-entretien avec l’auteur

in Breaking the Waves: Water (Issues) in Contemporary Verbal and Visual Arts (in press)

MEC-assisted Low Latency Communication for Autonomous Flight Control of 5G-Connected UAV

in MEC-assisted Low Latency Communication for Autonomous Flight Control of 5G-Connected UAV (in press)

Proliferating applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) impose new service requirements, leading to several challenges. One of the crucial challenges in this vein is to facilitate the autonomous ... [more ▼]

Proliferating applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) impose new service requirements, leading to several challenges. One of the crucial challenges in this vein is to facilitate the autonomous navigation of UAVs. Concretely, the UAV needs to individually process the visual data and subsequently plan its trajectories. Since the UAV has limited onboard storage constraints, its computational capabilities are often restricted and it may not be viable to process the data locally for trajectory planning. Alternatively, the UAV can send the visual inputs to the ground controller which, in turn, feeds back the command and control signals to the UAV for its safe navigation. However, this process may introduce some delays, which is not desirable for autonomous UAVs’ safe and reliable navigation. Thus, it is essential to devise techniques and approaches that can potentially offer low-latency solutions for planning the UAV’s flight. To this end, this paper analyzes a multi-access edge computing aided UAV and aims to minimize the latency of the task processing. More specifically, we propose an offloading strategy for a UAV by optimally designing the offloading parameter, local computational resources, and altitude of the UAV. The numerical and simulation results are presented to offer various design insights, and the benefits of the proposed strategy are also illustrated in contrast to the other baseline approaches. [less ▲]

Le dialogue entre les juges en matière de protection des droits de l'homme

in Menetrey, Séverine; Hess, Burkhard (Eds.) Les dialogues des juges en Europe (in press)

Dans cet article, nous allons mettre en exergue quelques aspects des arrêts récents provenant de la Cour de justice de l’UE (Akerberg Frasson, Melloni, Kamberaj)qui démontrent l’émergence d’un standard ... [more ▼]

Dans cet article, nous allons mettre en exergue quelques aspects des arrêts récents provenant de la Cour de justice de l’UE (Akerberg Frasson, Melloni, Kamberaj)qui démontrent l’émergence d’un standard propre de l’UE en matière des droits de l’homme. Cette tendance de la C.J.U.E. contredira le prescrit normatif découlant du « dialogue des juges » d’interprétation conforme à la jurisprudence de la C.E.D.H. avant que l’adhésion de l’UE à la Convention E.D.H. ne soit formellement acquise. [less ▲]

Advancing the Meet-in-the-Filter Technique: Applications to CHAM and KATAN

in Smith, Benjamin; Wu, Huapeng (Eds.) Selected Areas in Cryptography (in press)

Recently, Biryukov et al. presented a new technique for key recovery in differential cryptanalysis, called meet-in-the-filter (MiF). In this work, we develop theoretical and practical aspects of the ... [more ▼]

Recently, Biryukov et al. presented a new technique for key recovery in differential cryptanalysis, called meet-in-the-filter (MiF). In this work, we develop theoretical and practical aspects of the technique, which helps understanding and simplifies application. In particular, we show bounds on MiF complexity and conditions when the MiF-enhanced attack may reach them. We present a method based on trail counting which allows to estimate filtering strength of involved rounds and perform consequent complexity analysis with pen and paper, compared to the computer-aided approach of the original work. Furthermore, we show how MiF can be combined with plaintext structures for linear key schedules, allowing to increase the number of attacked rounds or to reduce the data complexity. We illustrate our methods on block cipher families CHAM and KATAN and show best-to-date single-key differential attacks for these ciphers. [less ▲]

Da Melusina al melusinismo: la féerie epica, una macchina per pensare la filiazione

in Baglioni, Igor (Ed.) Atti del convegno “Di Melusine e Gorgoni. Le entità mostruose femminili dall’antichità ai nostri giorni” (2024, December)

A forza di essere isolata, essenzializzata e statualizzata, la figura di Melusina (Mélusine) ha subito un certo impoverimento, persino una paradossale sterilizzazione, nella misura in cui dovrebbe, al ... [more ▼]

A forza di essere isolata, essenzializzata e statualizzata, la figura di Melusina (Mélusine) ha subito un certo impoverimento, persino una paradossale sterilizzazione, nella misura in cui dovrebbe, al contrario, collocarsi sul versante dell’eccesso e della fertilità. Risalendo ai tre testi principali – i romanzi di Giovanni di Arras (completato nel 1393), Coudrette (scritto poco dopo il 1401) e Thüring von Ringoltingen (scritto nel 1456) – questo articolo propugna il ritorno a una Melusina storicizzata ed epica. Né mostro solitario né vice del demonio, la madre dei Lusignani si comprende attraverso i suoi discendenti fatati: è tramite i suoi prodigiosi figli che rivela, al ritmo della narrazione, la sua verità. In ogni muscolo, in ogni deformità facciale, in ogni tratto di grandezza o di follia dei suoi dieci figli, emerge la presenza di Melusina. Il personaggio chiave della storia è Goffredo dal Grande Dente (Geoffroy la Grand-Dent), il suo sesto figlio: in una discesa agli inferi che è allo stesso tempo geologica e genealogica, egli scopre i segreti di famiglia e l’origine del male. Ritornando a questo motivo, ci proponiamo di restituire la singolarità della narrazione melusiniana: quella di un’intensa interrogazione sulla filiazione, da cui dipendono le moderne riflessioni sull’individuo e sulla famiglia, sulle pulsioni di vita e sull’istinto di morte. [less ▲]

Automated Anonymization of Court Decisions: Facilitating the Publication of Court Decisions through Algorithmic Systems

in ICAIL: International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (Ed.) ICAIL '23: Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (2023, September 07)

The practice of anonymization of court decisions has been further systematized by EU Member States’ courts, after the entry into force of the General Data Protection Regulation and its transposition into ... [more ▼]

The practice of anonymization of court decisions has been further systematized by EU Member States’ courts, after the entry into force of the General Data Protection Regulation and its transposition into national laws. Anonymization of the parties’ personal information protects their privacy during the publication of judgments, which is necessary for the scrutiny of the judiciary’s reasoning in a given case and the filing of an appeal whenever a party disagrees with the court’s reasoning and/or order. European courts have recently resorted to algorithmic approaches to automate the process of anonymization, which can bestow prompt and consistent application of anonymization rules for court administrations to comply with the applicable personal data protection legislation. These automated solutions can also encompass technical and administrative challenges, ranging from re-ιdentification risks that compromise the protection of the parties’ personal data to the lack of acceptance of the algorithmic system by court staff during their daily work routine. The present paper reviews current anonymization practices conducted through algorithmic techniques by, first, explaining the legal framework underlying the publication and anonymization of court decisions, second, examining three algorithmic solutions for the anonymization of court decisions by different EU Member States, and third, reflecting on their efficiencies and challenges for court administrations. [less ▲]

Comparing Pre-Training Schemes for Luxembourgish BERT Models

in Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2023) (2023, September)

Despite the widespread use of pre-trained models in NLP, well-performing pre-trained models for low-resource languages are scarce. To address this issue, we propose two novel BERT models for the ... [more ▼]

Despite the widespread use of pre-trained models in NLP, well-performing pre-trained models for low-resource languages are scarce. To address this issue, we propose two novel BERT models for the Luxembourgish language that improve on the state of the art. We also present an empirical study on both the performance and robustness of the investigated BERT models. We compare the models on a set of downstream NLP tasks and evaluate their robustness against different types of data perturbations. Additionally, we provide novel datasets to evaluate the performance of Luxembourgish language models. Our findings reveal that pre-training a pre-loaded model has a positive effect on both the performance and robustness of fine-tuned models and that using the German GottBERT model yields a higher performance while the multilingual mBERT results in a more robust model. This study provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners working with low-resource languages and highlights the importance of considering pre-training strategies when building language models. [less ▲]

Towards a peer-to-peer residential short-term load forecasting with federated learning

in Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE Belgrade PowerTech (2023, August 09)

The inclusion of intermittent and renewable energy sources has increased the importance of demand forecasting in the power systems. Smart meters play a critical role in modern load forecasting due to the ... [more ▼]

The inclusion of intermittent and renewable energy sources has increased the importance of demand forecasting in the power systems. Smart meters play a critical role in modern load forecasting due to the high granularity of the measurement data. Federated Learning can enable accurate residential load forecasting in a distributed manner. In this regard, to compensate for the variability of households, clustering them in groups with similar patterns can lead to more accurate forecasts. Usually, clustering requires a central server that has access to the entire dataset, which collides with the decentralized nature of federated learning. In order to complement federated learning, this study proposes a decentralized Peer-to-Peer strategy that employs agent-based modeling. We evaluate it in comparison to a typical centralized k-means clustering. To create clusters, we compare Euclidian and Dynamic time warping distances. We employ these clusters to build short-term load forecasting models using federated learning. Our results reveal the possibility of using Peer-to-Peer clustering along with simple Euclidean distances and Federated Learning to obtain highly performant load forecasting models in a fully decentralized setting. [less ▲]

CUI'23: Proceedings of the 5th Conference on Conversational User Interfaces 2023

in Are you sure you want to order that? On Appropriateness of Voice-only Proactive Feedback Strategies (2023, July 20)

Conversational agents (CAs) that deliver proactive interventions can benefit users by reducing their cognitive workload and improving performance. However, little is known regarding how such interventions ... [more ▼]

Conversational agents (CAs) that deliver proactive interventions can benefit users by reducing their cognitive workload and improving performance. However, little is known regarding how such interventions would impact perception of CA’s appropriateness in voice-only, decision-making tasks. We conducted a within-subjects experiment (N=30) to evaluate the effect of CA’s feedback delivery strategy at three levels (no feedback, unsolicited, and solicited feedback) in an interactive food ordering scenario. We discovered that unsolicited feedback was perceived to be more appropriate than solicited feedback. Our results provide preliminary insights regarding the impact of proactive feedback on CA perception in decision-making tasks. [less ▲]

From FMTV to WATERS: Lessons Learned from the First Verification Challenge at ECRTS

in 35th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS 2023) (2023, July 03)

We present here the main features and lessons learned from the first edition of what has now become the ECRTS industrial challenge, together with the final description of the challenge and a comparative ... [more ▼]

We present here the main features and lessons learned from the first edition of what has now become the ECRTS industrial challenge, together with the final description of the challenge and a comparative overview of the proposed solutions. This verification challenge, proposed by Thales, was first discussed in 2014 as part of a dedicated workshop (FMTV, a satellite event of the FM 2014 conference), and solutions were discussed for the first time at the WATERS 2015 workshop. The use case for the verification challenge is an aerial video tracking system. A specificity of this system lies in the fact that periods are constant but known with a limited precision only. The first part of the challenge focuses on the video frame processing system. It consists in computing maximum values of the end-to-end latency of the frames sent by the camera to the display, for two different buffer sizes, and then the minimum duration between two consecutive frame losses. The second challenge is about computing end-to-end latencies on the tracking and camera control for two different values of jitter. Solutions based on five different tools - Fiacre/Tina, CPAL (simulation and analysis), IMITATOR, UPPAAL and MAST - were submitted for discussion at WATERS 2015. While none of these solutions provided a full answer to the challenge, a combination of several of them did allow to draw some conclusions. [less ▲]

The Rallye Platform: Mobile Location-Based Serious Games for Digital Cultural Heritage

in Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI International) (2023, July)

Substituting Animals with Biohybrid Robots: Speculative Interactions with Animal-Robot Hybrids

in DIS '23 Companion: Companion Publication of the 2023 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference (2023, July)

What if animals were substituted with biohybrid robots? The replacement of pets with bioinspired robots has long existed within technological imaginaries and HRI research. Addressing developments of ... [more ▼]

What if animals were substituted with biohybrid robots? The replacement of pets with bioinspired robots has long existed within technological imaginaries and HRI research. Addressing developments of bioengineering and biohybrid robots, we depart from such replacement to study futures inhabited by animal-robot hybrids. In this paper, we introduce a speculative concept of assembling and eating biohybrid robots. With this provocation as a starting point, we intend to initiate cross-disciplinary and cross-cultural discussions around human-food interaction practices and related topics. [less ▲]

Für sich selbst und das Leben lernen: Worin Jugendliche das Bildungspotential der offenen Jugendarbeit sehen.

in Jugend in Zeiten von Krisen (2023, June 23)

Realistic Cooperative Perception for Connected and Automated Vehicles: A Simulation Review

in Hawlader, Faisal; Frank, Raphaël (Eds.) 2023 8th IEEE International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS) (2023, June 16)

Mediating the Tension between Data Sharing and Privacy: The Case of DMA and GDPR

in Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS) (2023, June 11)

The Digital Markets Act (DMA) constitutes a crucial part of the European legislative framework addressing the dominance of 'Big Tech'. It intends to foster fairness and competition in Europe's digital ... [more ▼]

The Digital Markets Act (DMA) constitutes a crucial part of the European legislative framework addressing the dominance of 'Big Tech'. It intends to foster fairness and competition in Europe's digital platform economy by imposing obligations on 'gatekeepers' to share end-user-related information with business users. Yet, this may involve the processing of personal data subject to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The obligation to provide access to personal data in a GDPR-compliant manner poses a regulatory and technical challenge and can serve as a justification for gatekeepers to refrain from data sharing. In this research-in-progress paper, we analyze key tensions between the DMA and the GDPR through the paradox perspective. We argue through a task-technology fit approach how privacy-enhancing technologies-particularly anonymization techniques-and portability could help mediate tensions between data sharing and privacy. Our contribution provides theoretical and practical insights to facilitate legal compliance. [less ▲]

Enhancing the Reliability of Perception Systems using N-version Programming and Rejuvenation

in Rodrigues de Mendonça Neto, Júlio; Machida, Fumio; Volp, Marcus (Eds.) Enhancing the Reliability of Perception Systems using N-version Programming and Rejuvenation (2023, June)

Machine Learning (ML) has become indispensable for real-world complex systems, such as perception systems of autonomous systems and vehicles. However, ML-based systems are sensitive to input data, faults ... [more ▼]

Machine Learning (ML) has become indispensable for real-world complex systems, such as perception systems of autonomous systems and vehicles. However, ML-based systems are sensitive to input data, faults, and malicious threats that can degrade output quality and compromise the complete system's correctness. Ensuring a reliable output of ML-based components is crucial, especially for safety-critical systems. In this paper, we investigate architectures of perception systems using N-version programming for ML to mitigate the dependence on a singular ML component and combine it with a time-based rejuvenation mechanism to maintain a healthy system over extended periods. We propose models and functions to evaluate the reliability of N-version perception systems subject to faults, malicious threats, and rejuvenation. Our numerical experiments show that a rejuvenation mechanism could benefit a multiple-version system, with a reliability improvement superior to 13%. Also, the results indicate that rejuvenation could improve output reliability when ML modules' accuracy is high. [less ▲]

Managing Fahsionable Organizing Visions: Evidence From the European Blockchain Services Infrastructure

in Proceedings of the Thirty-first European Conference on Information Systems (2023, June)

Grand visions for organizational transformation increasingly build on fashionable information technologies. Organizational leaders may be tempted to adopt these visions due the high degree of legitimacy ... [more ▼]

Grand visions for organizational transformation increasingly build on fashionable information technologies. Organizational leaders may be tempted to adopt these visions due the high degree of legitimacy and mobilization they afford. However, their fashionable nature makes adoption risky. In this paper, we explore how organizations can manage this risk and successfully navigate the adoption of fashionable organizing visions. Specifically, we track how over the last five years the European Blockchain Partnership adopted a self-sovereign identity organizing vision based on blockchain. We find that successful adoption requires dynamic coupling and decoupling between vision and IT – both on a discursive and the material levels. Moreover, it requires effective management of ‘sensegiving’ and ‘sensebreaking’ by the innovation community. [less ▲]

Digital Identity Wallets and their Semantic Contradictions

in Smethurst, Reilly (Ed.) ECIS 2023 Research Papers (2023, May 11)

In the fight for individual privacy against online surveillance and personal data breaches, blockchain developers often pitch encrypted wallets as solutions. Five examples from 2021 and 2022 involve Big ... [more ▼]

In the fight for individual privacy against online surveillance and personal data breaches, blockchain developers often pitch encrypted wallets as solutions. Five examples from 2021 and 2022 involve Big Tech companies or large European governments. On the private side, Jack Dorsey’s Block company announced the Web5 Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) Service. Meta and Twitter added support for fictional identities – tokenised avatars or profile pictures like Bored Apes and CryptoPunks, registered to Web3 wallets that putatively offer “self-sovereign ownership”. On the public side, the European Commission funded SSI wallet trials for digital diploma credentials. Germany’s federal government launched a mobile driving licence (mDL), stored in a SSI wallet. This one term, “SSI”, is associated with varying sets of technologies and ethical principles. Following complaints that “SSI” generates confusion, I offer a typology that highlights four semantic contradictions as well as a concept map to guide future research. [less ▲]

Using Empathy-Centric Design in Industry: Reflections from the UX Researcher, the Client, and the Method Expert

in EMPATHICH '23: Proceedings of the 2nd Empathy-Centric Design Workshop (2023, May)

Empathic design provides tools and frameworks supporting designers to understand users’ experiences with products or services. However, how does one hand over this empathic understanding of users to other ... [more ▼]

Empathic design provides tools and frameworks supporting designers to understand users’ experiences with products or services. However, how does one hand over this empathic understanding of users to other internal stakeholders shaping the service experience? In this contribution, we reflect on a three-year implementation of an empathy-centric design approach in an industrial context with a low user experience maturity from three different professional viewpoints: ours as UX researchers, the one of a company manager, and an expert researcher on empathy in design. These narrative introspective accounts unveil some of the main benefits, opportunities, and challenges of implementing an empathy-centric design approach in the industry. We discuss and confront them to prior work. We contribute to the field of empathic design with rich in-situ research insights and principles for a successful empathic approach. [less ▲]

Sensitive and Personal Data: What Exactly Are You Talking About?

in 10th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems 2023 (2023, May)

Mobile devices are pervasively used for a variety of tasks, including the processing of sensitive data in mobile apps. While in most cases access to this data is legitimate, malware often targets ... [more ▼]

Mobile devices are pervasively used for a variety of tasks, including the processing of sensitive data in mobile apps. While in most cases access to this data is legitimate, malware often targets sensitive data and even benign apps collect more data than necessary for their task. Therefore, researchers have proposed several frameworks to detect and track the use of sensitive data in apps, so as to disclose and prevent unauthorized access and data leakage. Unfortunately, a review of the literature reveals a lack of consensus on what sensitive data is in the context of technical frameworks like Android. Authors either provide an intuitive definition or an ad-hoc definition, derive their definition from the Android permission model, or rely on previous research papers which do or do not give a definition of sensitive data. In this paper, we provide an overview of existing definitions of sensitive data in literature and legal frameworks. We further provide a sound definition of sensitive data derived from the definition of personal data of several legal frameworks. To help the scientific community further advance in this field, we publicly provide a list of sensitive sources from the Android framework, thus starting a community project leading to a complete list of sensitive API methods across different frameworks and programming languages. [less ▲]

FlakyCat: Predicting Flaky Tests Categories using Few-Shot Learning

in FlakyCat: Predicting Flaky Tests Categories using Few-Shot Learning (2023, May)

Flaky tests are tests that yield different outcomes when run on the same version of a program. This non-deterministic behaviour plagues continuous integration with false signals, wasting developers’ time ... [more ▼]

Flaky tests are tests that yield different outcomes when run on the same version of a program. This non-deterministic behaviour plagues continuous integration with false signals, wasting developers’ time and reducing their trust in test suites. Studies highlighted the importance of keeping tests flakiness-free. Recently, the research community has been pushing towards the detection of flaky tests by suggesting many static and dynamic approaches. While promising, those approaches mainly focus on classifying tests as flaky or not and, even when high performances are reported, it remains challenging to understand the cause of flakiness. This part is crucial for researchers and developers that aim to fix it. To help with the comprehension of a given flaky test, we propose FlakyCat, the first approach to classify flaky tests based on their root cause category. FlakyCat relies on CodeBERT for code representation and leverages Siamese networks to train a multi-class classifier. We train and evaluate FlakyCat on a set of 451 flaky tests collected from open-source Java projects. Our evaluation shows that FlakyCat categorises flaky tests accurately, with an F1 score of 73%. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of our approach for each category, revealing that Async waits, Unordered collections and Time-related flaky tests are accurately classified, while Concurrency-related flaky tests are more challenging to predict. Finally, to facilitate the comprehension of FlakyCat’s predictions, we present a new technique for CodeBERT-based model interpretability that highlights code statements influencing the categorization. [less ▲]

Poster: Lightweight Features Sharing for Real-Time Object Detection in Cooperative Driving

in 2023 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC) (2023, April 26)

In model partitioning for real-time object detection, part of the model is deployed on a vehicle, and the remaining layers are processed in the cloud. Model partitioning requires transmitting intermediate ... [more ▼]

In model partitioning for real-time object detection, part of the model is deployed on a vehicle, and the remaining layers are processed in the cloud. Model partitioning requires transmitting intermediate features to the cloud, which can be problematic, given that the latency requirements are strict. This paper addresses this issue by demonstrating a lightweight featuresharing strategy while investigating a trade-off between detection quality and latency. We report details on layer partitioning, such as which layers to split in order to achieve the desired accuracy. [less ▲]

Lessons from Investment Treaty Arbitration

in Haslehner, Werner; Rust, Alexander; Kofler, Georg (Eds.) et al Alternative Dispute Resolution in Taxation (2023, April 01)

Towards Log Slicing

in Dawes, Joshua; Shin, Donghwan; Bianculli, Domenico (Eds.) Towards Log Slicing (2023, April)

This short paper takes initial steps towards developing a novel approach, called log slicing, that aims to answer a practical question in the field of log analysis: Can we automatically identify log ... [more ▼]

This short paper takes initial steps towards developing a novel approach, called log slicing, that aims to answer a practical question in the field of log analysis: Can we automatically identify log messages related to a specific message (e.g., an error message)? The basic idea behind log slicing is that we can consider how different log messages are "computationally related" to each other by looking at the corresponding logging statements in the source code. These logging statements are identified by 1) computing a backwards program slice, using as criterion the logging statement that generated a problematic log message; and 2) extending that slice to include relevant logging statements. The paper presents a problem definition of log slicing, describes an initial approach for log slicing, and discusses a key open issue that can lead towards new research directions. [less ▲]

Assessing the Impact of Attacks on an Automotive Ethernet Time Synchronization Testbed

in Fotouhi, Mahdi; Buscemi, Alessio; Boualouache, Abdelwahab (Eds.) et al 2023 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC), Istanbul 26-28 April 2023 (2023, April)

Time Sensitive Network (TSN) standards are gaining traction in the scientific community and automotive Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) due their promise of deterministic Ethernet networking. Among ... [more ▼]

Time Sensitive Network (TSN) standards are gaining traction in the scientific community and automotive Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) due their promise of deterministic Ethernet networking. Among these standards, Generalized Precision Time Protocol (gPTP) - IEEE 802.1AS - allows network devices to be synchronized with a precision far higher than other synchronization standards, such as Network Time Protocol (NTP). gPTP is a profile of Precision Time Protocol (PTP) which, due to its robustness to delay variations, has been designated for automotive applications. Nonetheless, gPTP was designed without security controls, which makes it vulnerable to a number of attacks. This work reveals a critical vulnerability caused by a common implementation practice that opens the door to spoofing attacks on gPTP. To assess the impact of this vulnerability, we built two real gPTP-capable testbeds. Our results show high risks of this vulnerability destabilizing the system functionality. [less ▲]

Refining the Mandatory Cybersecurity Incident Reporting under the NIS Directive 2.0: Event Types and Reporting Processes

in Onwubiko, Cyril; Rosati, Pierangelo; Rege, Aunshul (Eds.) et al Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybersecurity, Situational Awareness and Social Media (2023, March 08)

Internships in Times of Crisis: Collaborative Production of Instructional Videos at a Distance

in Willemse, Martijn (Ed.) EAPRIL 2022 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS (2023, March)

The Bachelor in Educational Sciences (BScE) at the University of Luxembourg offers a thorough and demanding teacher training program that combines academic and practical knowledge. As in many other ... [more ▼]

The Bachelor in Educational Sciences (BScE) at the University of Luxembourg offers a thorough and demanding teacher training program that combines academic and practical knowledge. As in many other initial teacher training programs, internships are a key part of each semester in the BScE. In the face of the COVID-19 health crisis, this essential part of our teacher training program could not be maintained. Indeed, the schools were closed, and the pupils were taught at a distance by their teachers. We therefore had to quickly innovate and set up alternative learning activities that best met the objectives of the internships. We thus asked our students to design and produce educational videos, in dyads, for the country's schools. The aim was to enable our students to develop the necessary skills to produce such learning resources and to make them available to schools via the Internet. We will describe, analyse, and evaluate the solution we had to urgently put in place and the videos that were produced as a result. We will also discuss possible lessons learned that might lead to adaptations in our training program. [less ▲]

Improving Long-Term Retention through Personalized Recall Testing and Immediate Feedback

in Proceedings of the 2023 11th International Conference on Information and Education Technology (ICIET) (2023, March)

Tests have been shown to improve the long-term retention of students, referred to as the "testing effect". Different question formats, such as multiple choice and recall, have varying properties. While ... [more ▼]

Tests have been shown to improve the long-term retention of students, referred to as the "testing effect". Different question formats, such as multiple choice and recall, have varying properties. While recall questions induce a longer retention than multiple choice ones, they are harder for students since answers must be actively retrieved from memory. Moreover, regular testing inherently increases the teacher's workload, particularly since feedback on each test is paramount for an effective bearing on the student's understanding and learning. This work introduces BEACON Q, a digital quiz application combining different question formats and progressively adapting their difficulty to each student’s level. The level is derived from past answers as well as ratings provided by the students which constitute their perceived understanding of each topic. BEACON Q delivers immediate feedback through detailed explanations, without requiring manual assessment by the teacher. Tests are scheduled for periods of time, thus giving the students the flexibility to choose an appropriate time to take the test. An initial evaluation of BEACON Q has been performed in the context of three different computer science classes at our university. Preliminary results are presented in this paper. [less ▲]

User Requirement Analysis for a Real-Time NLP-Based Open Information Retrieval Meeting Assistant

in Alcaraz, Benoît; Hosseini Kivanani, Nina; Najjar, Amro (Eds.) et al Advances in Information Retrieval (2023, March)

Meetings are recurrent organizational tasks intended to drive progress in an interdisciplinary and collaborative manner. They are, however, prone to inefficiency due to factors such as differing knowledge ... [more ▼]

Meetings are recurrent organizational tasks intended to drive progress in an interdisciplinary and collaborative manner. They are, however, prone to inefficiency due to factors such as differing knowledge among participants. The research goal of this paper is to design a recommendation-based meeting assistant that can improve the efficiency of meetings by helping to contextualize the information being discussed and reduce distractions for listeners. Following a Wizard-of-Oz setup, we gathered user feedback by thematically analyzing focus group discussions and identifying this kind of system’s key challenges and requirements. The findings point to shortcomings in contextualization and raise concerns about distracting listeners from the main content. Based on the findings, we have developed a set of design recommendations that address context, interactivity and personalization issues. These recommendations could be useful for developing a meeting assistant that is tailored to the needs of meeting participants, thereby helping to optimize the meeting experience. [less ▲]

Exploring the Embodied Experience of Walking Meetings through Bodystorming – Implications for Design

in TEI'23 Seventeenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction (2023, February)

Walking meetings are a promising way to reduce unhealthy sedentary behavior at the office. Some aspects of walking meetings are however hard to assess using traditional research approaches that do not ... [more ▼]

Walking meetings are a promising way to reduce unhealthy sedentary behavior at the office. Some aspects of walking meetings are however hard to assess using traditional research approaches that do not account well for the embodied experience of walking meetings. We conducted a series of 16 bodystorming sessions, featuring unusual walking meeting situations to engage participants (N=45) in a reflective experience. After each bodystorming, participants completed three tasks: a body map, an empathy map, and a rating of workload using the NASA-TLX scale. These embodied explorations provide insights on key themes related to walking meetings: material and tools, physical and mental demand, connection with the environment, social dynamics, and privacy. We discuss the role of technology and opportunities for technology-mediated walking meetings. We draw implications for the design of walking meeting technologies or services to account for embodied experiences, and the individual, social, and environmental factors at play. [less ▲]

Terminal-Aware Multi-Connectivity Scheduler for Uplink Multi-Layer Non-Terrestrial Networks

in IEEE Global Communications Conference (Globecom) (2023, January 12)

This paper introduces the concept of multi-connectivity (MC) to the multi-orbit non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), where user terminals can be served by more than one satellite to achieve higher peak ... [more ▼]

This paper introduces the concept of multi-connectivity (MC) to the multi-orbit non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), where user terminals can be served by more than one satellite to achieve higher peak throughput. MC is a technique initially introduced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for terrestrial communications in 4G and 5G, it has shown much gain in the terrestrial domain and this paper explores areas where this concept can benefit the satellite domain. MC can increase throughput, but this entails increased power consumption at user terminal for uplink transmissions. The energy efficiency of uplink communications can be improved by designing efficient scheduling schemes, and to this end, we developed a terminal aware multi-connectivity scheduling algorithm. This proposed algorithm uses the available radio resources and propagation information to intelligently define a dynamic resource allocation pattern, that optimally routes traffic so as to maximize uplink data rate while minimizing the energy consumption at the UT. The algorithm operates with the terminal differentiating multi-layer NTN resource scheduling architecture, which has a softwarized dispatcher at the network layer that classifies and differentiates the packets based on terminal type. The performance of the proposed algorithm was compared with round robin and joint carrier schedulers in terms of uplink data rate and energy efficiency. We also provide architectural design of implementable schedulers for multi-orbital satellite networks that can operate with different classes of terminals. [less ▲]

Federated Learning for Credit Risk Assessment

in Proceedings of the 56th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2023, January 03)

Credit risk assessment is a standard procedure for financial institutions (FIs) when estimating their credit risk exposure. It involves the gathering and processing quantitative and qualitative datasets ... [more ▼]

Credit risk assessment is a standard procedure for financial institutions (FIs) when estimating their credit risk exposure. It involves the gathering and processing quantitative and qualitative datasets to estimate whether an individual or entity will be able to make future required payments. To ensure effective processing of this data, FIs increasingly use machine learning methods. Large FIs often have more powerful models as they can access larger datasets. In this paper, we present a Federated Learning prototype that allows smaller FIs to compete by training in a cooperative fashion a machine learning model which combines key data derived from several smaller datasets. We test our prototype on an historical mortgage dataset and empirically demonstrate the benefits of Federated Learning for smaller FIs. We conclude that smaller FIs can expect a significant performance increase in their credit risk assessment models by using collaborative machine learning. [less ▲]

Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication for Real-Time Object Detection in Autonomous Driving

in 18th Wireless On-demand Network systems and Services Conference (WONS-23) (2023, January)

Environmental perception is a key element of autonomous driving because the information receive from the perception module influences core driving decisions. An outstanding challenge in real-time ... [more ▼]

Environmental perception is a key element of autonomous driving because the information receive from the perception module influences core driving decisions. An outstanding challenge in real-time perception for autonomous driving lies in finding the best trade-off between detection quality and latency. Major constraints on both computation and power have to be taken into account for real-time perception in autonomous vehicles. Larger object detection models tend to produce the best results, but are also slower at runtime. Since the most accurate detectors cannot run in real-time locally, we investigate the possibility of offloading computation to edge and cloud platforms, which are less resource-constrained. We create a synthetic dataset to train an object detection model and evaluate different offloading strategies. Using real hardware and network simulations, we compare different trade-offs between prediction quality and end-to-end delay. Since sending raw frames over the network implies additional transmission delays, we also explore the use of JPEG compression at varying qualities and measure its impact on prediction metrics. We show that models with adequate compression can be run in real-time on the cloud while outperforming local detection performance. [less ▲]

ASRLUX: AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION FOR THE LOW-RESOURCE LANGUAGE LUXEMBOURGISH

in Skarnitzl, Radek; Volín, Jan (Eds.) Proceedings of the 20th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (2023)

We have developed an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system tailored to Luxembourgish, a low-resource language that poses distinct challenges for conventional ASR approaches due to the limited ... [more ▼]

We have developed an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system tailored to Luxembourgish, a low-resource language that poses distinct challenges for conventional ASR approaches due to the limited availability of training data and inherent multilingual nature. By employing transfer learning, we meticulously fine-tuned an array of models derived from pre-trained wav2vec 2.0 and Whisper checkpoints. These models have been trained on an extensive corpus of various languages and several hundred thousand hours of audio data, utilizing unsupervised and weak supervised methodologies, respectively. This includes linguistically related languages such as German, Dutch, and French, which expedite the cross-lingual training process for Luxembourgish-specific models. Fine-tuning was executed utilizing 67 hours of annotated Luxembourgish speech data sourced from a diverse range of speakers. The optimal word error rate (WER) achieved for wav2vec 2.0 and Whisper models were 9.5 and 12.1, respectively. The remarkably low WERs obtained serve to substantiate the efficacy of transfer learning in the context of ASR for low-resource languages. [less ▲]

Shorter and Faster Identity-Based Signatures with Tight Security in the (Q)ROM from Lattices

in Applied Cryptography and Network Security - 21st International Conference ACNS 2023, Kyoto, Japan, June 19-22, 2023, Proceedings, Part I (2023)

We provide identity-based signature (IBS) schemes with tight security against adaptive adversaries, in the (classical or quantum) random oracle model (ROM or QROM), in both unstructured and structured ... [more ▼]

We provide identity-based signature (IBS) schemes with tight security against adaptive adversaries, in the (classical or quantum) random oracle model (ROM or QROM), in both unstructured and structured lattices, based on the SIS or RSIS assumption. These signatures are short (of size independent of the message length). Our schemes build upon a work from Pan and Wagner (PQCrypto’21) and improve on it in several ways. First, we prove their transformation from nonadaptive to adaptive IBS in the QROM. Then, we simplify the parameters used and give concrete values. Finally, we simplify the signature scheme by using a non-homogeneous relation, which helps us reduce the size of the signature and get rid of one costly trapdoor delegation. On the whole, we get better security bounds, shorter signatures and faster algorithms. [less ▲]

Software Model for Robot Programming and Example of Implementation for Navigation System

in Proceedings of 9th International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Applications (ICARA 2023) (2023)

In this paper, we are going to consider a current challenge in a robotic software system. We consider a problem, which is the lack of separation of concerns in robotic systems, and propose a software ... [more ▼]

In this paper, we are going to consider a current challenge in a robotic software system. We consider a problem, which is the lack of separation of concerns in robotic systems, and propose a software model to address the problem and resolve the current challenges. The core purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the advantages of using separation of concerns principles to create a well-ordered model of independent components that address separated concerns individually. Considering the problem, we developed a software model with the help of a proactive engine to address the challenges. We use robotic operating systems to help us to implement the robot simulator. [less ▲]

NGSO-To-GSO Satellite Interference Detection Based on Autoencoder

in IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), Toronto, Canada, Sept. 2023 (2023)