DARe-17 - Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Defeasible and Ampliative Reasoning; Casini, Giovanni ; Book published by CEUR Workshop Proceedings (2017) Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Defeasible and Ampliative Reasoning (DARe-17), co-located with the 14th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning (LPNMR-17 ... [more ▼] Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Defeasible and Ampliative Reasoning (DARe-17), co-located with the 14th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning (LPNMR-17). Espoo, Finland, July 3—6, 2017. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 185 (2 UL) Daredevil Philosophy: Dean Potter’s "When Dogs Fly"Börnchen, Stefan ![]() in Patel, Pramod K; Singh, Amar; Tholia, Shipra (Eds.) The Hero and Hero-Making across Genres (2022) Detailed reference viewed: 108 (0 UL)![]() Darfur, the Security Council and the International Criminal CourtHappold, Matthew ![]() in International and Comparative Law Quarterly (2006), 55 Detailed reference viewed: 344 (1 UL) Dark aerobic sulfide oxidation by anoxygenic phototrophs in anoxic waters of lake CadagnoSengupta, Anupam ![]() in Environmental Microbiology (2019) Anoxygenic phototrophic sulfide oxidation by green and purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) plays a key role in sulfide removal from anoxic shallow sediments and stratified waters. Although some PSB can also ... [more ▼] Anoxygenic phototrophic sulfide oxidation by green and purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) plays a key role in sulfide removal from anoxic shallow sediments and stratified waters. Although some PSB can also oxidize sulfide with nitrate and oxygen, little is known about the prevalence of this chemolithotrophic lifestyle in the environment. In this study, we investigated the role of these phototrophs in light‐independent sulfide removal in the chemocline of Lake Cadagno. Our temporally resolved, high‐resolution chemical profiles indicated that dark sulfide oxidation was coupled to high oxygen consumption rates of ~9 μM O2·h‐1. Single‐cell analyses of lake water incubated with 13CO2 in the dark revealed that Chromatium okenii was to a large extent responsible for aerobic sulfide oxidation and it accounted for up to 40 % of total dark carbon fixation. The genome of Chr. okenii reconstructed from the Lake Cadagno metagenome confirms its capacity for microaerophilic growth and provides further insights into its metabolic capabilities. Moreover, our genomic and single‐cell data indicated that other PSB grow microaerobically in these apparently anoxic waters. Altogether, our observations suggest that aerobic respiration may not only play an underappreciated role in anoxic environments, but also that organisms typically considered strict anaerobes may be involved. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 201 (16 UL) Dark aerobic sulfide oxidation by anoxygenic phototrophs in the anoxic waters of Lake CadagnoSengupta, Anupam ![]() in bioRxiv (2018) Detailed reference viewed: 154 (8 UL) "Dark Cookie" - A serious game to train users to spot and interact with dark patterns in cookie bannersAkinyemi, Opeyemi Priscilla ![]() Bachelor/master dissertation (2022) Deceptive design patterns, also called dark patterns, can be found all over the internet today. These designs are used by website operators to trick users into sharing their personal data or performing ... [more ▼] Deceptive design patterns, also called dark patterns, can be found all over the internet today. These designs are used by website operators to trick users into sharing their personal data or performing other actions that are mostly favorable to the operators. Since taking effect in 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), strictly mandates website operators to inform EU website visitors of how their personal data will be processed. Although they put up cookie banners to disclose such information and ask user’s consent, many website operators have found ways to use deceptive designs, such as confusing design and language, to trick users into giving them their personal data, and pass them on to advertisers that use them to personalize ads and target users. In this thesis, I study different dark patterns on the internet and those in cookie banners and I delve into one of the proposed interventions against dark patterns in previous work, gamification. I hypothesize that it is possible to create a serious game to train online users to respond to dark patterns in cookie banners, so that they can retain most of their personal in- formation without disclosing it to advertisers. In particular, I have conceptualized and developed an online game with five levels that uses game mechanics like feedback, points, levels, badges and story to make the game educative, engaging and interactive. To evaluate the game, I created a survey and gathered the answers of 54 players and assessed aspects like game clarity of goals and rules, knowledge acquisition, perceived applicability and engagement. I conclude with the analysis of the results obtained, suggesting the gamification is an appropriate and effective tool for training users on how to interact with cookie banners in a way that maximizes their privacy. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 276 (10 UL) Dark Matter in host-microbiome metabolomics: Tackling the unknowns-A reviewPeisl, Beatrice Yasmin Loulou ; Schymanski, Emma ; Wilmes, Paul ![]() in Analytica Chimica Acta (2017) The “dark matter” in metabolomics (unknowns) represents an exciting frontier with significant potential for discovery in relation to biochemistry, yet it also presents one of the largest challenges to ... [more ▼] The “dark matter” in metabolomics (unknowns) represents an exciting frontier with significant potential for discovery in relation to biochemistry, yet it also presents one of the largest challenges to overcome. This focussed review takes a close look at the current state-of-the-art and future challenges in tackling the unknowns with specific focus on the human gut microbiome and host-microbe interactions. Metabolomics, like metabolism itself, is a very dynamic discipline, with many workflows and methods under development, both in terms of chemical analysis and post-analysis data processing. Here, we look at developments in the mutli-omic analyses and the use of mass spectrometry to investigate the exchange of metabolites between the host and the microbiome as well as the environment within the microbiome. A case study using HuMiX, a microfluidics-based human-microbial co-culture system that enables the co-culture of human and microbial cells under controlled conditions, is used to highlight opportunities and current limitations. Common definitions, approaches, databases and elucidation techniques from both the environmental and metabolomics fields are covered, with perspectives on how to merge these, as the boundaries blur between the fields. While reflecting on the number of unknowns remaining to be conquered in typical complexsamples measured with mass spectrometry (often ordersof magnitude above the “knowns”), we provide an outlook on future perspectives and challenges in elucidating the relevant “dark matter”. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 496 (21 UL) Dark Patterns: Deception or Simply Bad Design?Rossi, Arianna ; Lenzini, Gabriele ; Koenig, Vincent et alPoster (2019) Lately, researchers, journalists, and regulators are devoting attention to dark patterns, defined as "design choices that benefit an online service by coercing, steering or deceiving users into making ... [more ▼] Lately, researchers, journalists, and regulators are devoting attention to dark patterns, defined as "design choices that benefit an online service by coercing, steering or deceiving users into making decisions that, if fully informed and capable of selecting alternatives, they would not make". Those patterns that have the purpose" or the "substantial effect of obscuring, subverting, or impairing user autonomy, decision-making, or choice" have also been qualified as dark. These definitions are dense: they contain concepts like coercion, nudging, and deception that all alone would deserve an entire work to be discussed. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 379 (28 UL) The dark side of creativity revisited: Is students’ creativity associated with subsequent decreases in their ethical decision making?Niepel, Christoph ; Mustafic, Maida ; Greiff, Samuel et alin Thinking Skills and Creativity (2015), 18 Detailed reference viewed: 308 (13 UL) The Dark side of global integration: increasing tail dependanceCosma, Antonio ; Beine, Michel ; Vermeulen, Robert John Gerard ![]() in Journal of Banking and Finance (2010), 34(1), 184-192 We measure stock market coexceedances using the methodology of Cappiello, Gerard and Manganelli <br />(2005, ECB Working Paper 501). This method enables us to measure comovement at each point of the <br ... [more ▼] We measure stock market coexceedances using the methodology of Cappiello, Gerard and Manganelli <br />(2005, ECB Working Paper 501). This method enables us to measure comovement at each point of the <br />return distribution. First, we construct annual coexceedance probabilities for both lower and upper tail <br />return quantiles using daily data from 1974–2006. Next, we explain these probabilities in a panel gravity <br />model framework. Results show that macroeconomic variables asymmetrically impact stock market <br />comovement across the return distribution. Financial liberalization significantly increases left tail comovement, <br />whereas trade integration significantly increases comovement across all quantiles. Decreasing <br />exchange rate volatility results in increasing lower tail comovement. The introduction of the euro <br />increases comovement across the entire return distribution, thereby significantly reducing the benefits <br />of portfolio diversification within the euro area. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 209 (8 UL) The Dark Side of Licensing Cryptocurrency Exchanges as Payment InstitutionsNabilou, Hossein ![]() in Law and Financial Markets Review (2019), 13(4), The ultimate objective of cryptocurrencies is to become a payment system substituting, complementing, or competing with the existing conventional fiat-based payment systems. Irrespective of whether such ... [more ▼] The ultimate objective of cryptocurrencies is to become a payment system substituting, complementing, or competing with the existing conventional fiat-based payment systems. Irrespective of whether such an objective could be accomplished, the functional similarities between certain cryptocurrencies and fiat money has persuaded competent authorities of certain EU Member States to grant payment institution licenses to cryptocurrency exchanges. At first blush, granting such an authorization would seem to be a step forward as it would bring otherwise unregulated cryptocurrency exchanges within the scope of the existing payment regulatory framework. However, such authorization not only faces major legal challenges related to the definition of a payment institution but also introduces new lesser-known risks. Aside from the semantic and definitional issues, authorizing cryptocurrency exchanges as payment institutions can bring activities and instruments - with a different risk profile than that of conventional payment instruments - within the scope of payment systems. It appears that such risks embedded in those instruments cannot be fully addressed under the existing payment laws. This paper studies two examples of unattended risks under the cryptocurrency-exchange-as-payment institution regime. The first risk concerns the use of untethered, non-convertible, illiquid and volatile settlement assets for settlement purposes in cryptocurrency exchanges. The second risk concerns the risks associated with the finality of settlements arising from the use of probabilistic finality in some of the most popular cryptocurrency blockchains. Given that in the conventional payment institutions central bank money or commercial bank money is primarily used as the settlement asset, such risks have already been addressed or otherwise taken for granted, however, in cryptocurrency exchanges, the risks involved in the settlement of liabilities with an illiquid and volatile asset relying on probabilistically final settlement mechanism cannot be dealt with by the existing applicable regulations. As the risks cannot be addressed within the current European payment regulation framework, an alternative policy option would be granting a special license to cryptocurrency businesses or introducing ring-fencing mechanism to protect the conventional payment systems from the risks of cryptocurrency payments. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 309 (7 UL) Dark solitons in a trapped gas of long-range interacting bosons; Del Campo Echevarria, Adolfo ; et alin Physical Review (2022) Detailed reference viewed: 98 (0 UL) Dark solitons in a trapped gas of long-range interacting bosons; Del Campo Echevarria, Adolfo ; et alin Physical Review X (2021) We consider the interplay of repulsive short-range and long-range interactions in the dynamics of dark solitons, as prototypical coherent nonlinear excitations in a trapped quasi-1D Bose gas. Upon ... [more ▼] We consider the interplay of repulsive short-range and long-range interactions in the dynamics of dark solitons, as prototypical coherent nonlinear excitations in a trapped quasi-1D Bose gas. Upon examining the form of the ground state, both the existence of the solitary waves and their stability properties are explored and corroborated by direct numerical simulations. We find that single- and multiple-dark-soliton states can exist and are generically robust in the presence of long-range interactions. We analyze the modes of vibration of such excitations and find that their respective frequencies are significantly upshifted as the strength of the long-range interactions is increased. Indeed, we find that a prefactor of the long-range interactions considered comparable to the trap strength may upshift the dark soliton oscillation frequency by an order of magnitude, in comparison to the well established one of /√2 in a trap of frequency . [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 126 (1 UL)![]() Dark Souls like "Dark Souls": Personality Characteristics and Preference for Violent Video GamesMelzer, André ; Scientific Conference (2018, May) Detailed reference viewed: 384 (12 UL) Die Darstellung von Wäldern im Rhein-Maas-Moselraum auf historischen Karten des späten 15. und des 16. JahrhundertsUhrmacher, Martin ![]() in Pauly, Michel; Pettiau, Hérold (Eds.) La forêt en Lotharingie médiévale / Der Wald im mittelalterlichen Lotharingien (2016) Detailed reference viewed: 192 (12 UL) Das Assurance Qualité Verfahren in der Jugendarbeitspraxis: Erfahrungen, Einstellungen und OptimierungsvorschlägeBiewers, Sandra ; Willems, Helmut ; Presentation (2019, March 20) Detailed reference viewed: 168 (7 UL)![]() Das Biosphärenreservat Bliesgau – Akzeptanz und Erleben der Biosphären in der lokalen BevölkerungNienaber, Birte ; Scientific Conference (2010, June 12) Detailed reference viewed: 130 (2 UL) Das Deutsche im Kontext der Luxemburger MehrsprachigkeitSieburg, Heinz ![]() in LGV-Info (2009), 2 Detailed reference viewed: 161 (10 UL) Das Dilemma zwischen Effizienz und Sicherheit: Über die Beziehungen zwischen Verfolgten des Nationalsozialismus und ihren HelfernDuring, Marten ![]() in informationen. Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift des Studienkreises Deutscher Widerstand 1933-1945 (2011), (73), 19--24 Detailed reference viewed: 134 (2 UL) Das Ersatzteil zwischen Technik, Wirtschaft und PolitikHoppenheit, Thomas ![]() Scientific Conference (2021, September 17) Das Ersatzteil zwischen Technik, Wirtschaft und Politik Während es in der technikhistorischen Forschung lange Zeit um das Nachvollziehen von Innovationsprozessen ging, blickt das Feld seit einiger Zeit ... [more ▼] Das Ersatzteil zwischen Technik, Wirtschaft und Politik Während es in der technikhistorischen Forschung lange Zeit um das Nachvollziehen von Innovationsprozessen ging, blickt das Feld seit einiger Zeit auch auf die weiteren temporalen Phasen der Dinge selbst. Ausgehend von einer Kritik an dem Innovationsfokus vieler Fachstudien geht es mir, wie anderen, darum zu verstehen, was passiert nach dem ein Produkt entwickelt, vermarktet und verkauft wurde. Aus dieser prozessualen Perspektive ist ein Gerät weitgehend unproblematisch zu verstehen, so lange es funktioniert wie gedacht. Spannend wird es, dem Blackbox-Gedanken folgend, wenn es nicht mehr so funktioniert wie es soll. Dies kann viele Gründe haben. Die zwei bedeutendsten sind, dass einerseits eine oder mehrere Komponenten des Systems defekt sind, oder dass sich andererseits die Erwartungen oder Fähigkeiten der Nutzer*innen verändert haben. Beiden Problemfeldern gilt es in meiner eigenen Forschung zum vermeintlichen Verschwinden des Reparierens im Zeitalter des Massenkonsums nachzugehen. Neben den wissenstheoretischen Aspekten des Reparierens ist es das Ersatzteil, welches oftmals über eine gelungene Reparatur entscheidet. Spätestens mit der voranschreitenden Rationalisierung und Massenproduktion hat sich das Reparieren vieler Gegenstände fundamental verändert. Was zuvor noch mit je individuellem Einsatz von Wissen und Können zerlegt, repariert und zusammengefügt werden musste, wurde nun nach und nach durch den Austausch kompletter (und komplexer) Ersatzteile abgelöst. Während der Versuch der Rationalisierung mit seinen eigenen, besonders ökonomischen Vorteilen daherkommt, bricht dieses System schnell zusammen, sobald der Zugang zu ebensolchen Ersatzteilen stockt oder gar komplett zusammenbricht. Im Rahmen des Vortrags werde ich die Verfügbarkeit von Ersatzteilen während und nach dem zweiten Weltkrieg aus Luxemburger Perspektive untersuchen. Ausgehend von einer Bestandsaufnahme des internationalen Handels und Konsums in der Zwischenkriegszeit soll insbesondere aufgezeigt werden, welche Auswirkungen die jahrelange Ausrichtung der Industrie auf Rüstung sowie der Wegfall ehemaliger Handelspartner auf den Alltag des Luxemburger Handwerks hatten. Welche Waren durften wann von wem bezogen werden? Was geschah als man feststellen musste, dass der ehemalige Besatzer der Einzige war, der bestimmte Ersatzteile liefern konnte? Ohne die Antworten vorwegzunehmen, bedurfte es eines schwierigen Aushandlungsprozesses innerhalb der Belgisch-Luxemburgischen Wirtschaftsunion (UEBL), um den Nuancen der Problematik Rechnung zu tragen. Wie ich zeigen werde, konnte das Problem zudem nicht einfach von oben herab wegdekliniert werden, vielmehr ist es wichtig zu betrachten, wie das luxemburgische Handwerk selbst reagierte und wie sich die (versprochene) Verfügbarkeit von Ersatzteilen, Serviceleistungen oder der zunehmenden Wartungsarmut von Neugeräten auf den Konsum und das Reparieren in den kommenden Jahren auswirken sollten. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 80 (2 UL) |
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