Current methodological issues in educational large-scale assessments. Part 2. Special Issue

in Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling (2017)

Current Status of Bottom-Up Fabrication Approaches for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Micro-Concentrator Solar Cells

in 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS (CPV-17) (2022, September 02)

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells have reached a record efficiency of 23.35% and are established as a renewable energy technology. However, future large-scale fabrication might be hindered by the availability and ... [more ▼]

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells have reached a record efficiency of 23.35% and are established as a renewable energy technology. However, future large-scale fabrication might be hindered by the availability and high cost of raw materials. To reduce the amount of solar cell material, strong efforts have been devoted to the development of the micro-concentrator photovoltaics concept for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells, which combines the well established concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) technology with the miniaturization of the solar cells. In this work, we review different bottom-up approaches for the fabrication of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 micro solar cells, that potentially allow the reduction of raw material, and we present the latest results on a magnetron sputtering based method for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 micro solar cells. [less ▲]

Current thinking regarding the use of diuretics in heart failure.

in Heart failure monitor (2006), 5(2), 50-3

The majority of therapies used in the contemporary management of chronic heart failure (CHF) have been rigorously evaluated by means of large-scale clinical trials to assess their beneficial effects on ... [more ▼]

The majority of therapies used in the contemporary management of chronic heart failure (CHF) have been rigorously evaluated by means of large-scale clinical trials to assess their beneficial effects on quality of life and prognosis. Such therapies include angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta-blockers, and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Diuretics are the most commonly prescribed class of drugs in CHF patients and in the short term they remain the most efficacious treatment for relief from fluid congestion. There is, however, scant evidence to suggest that they confer any long term benefit in terms of disease progression or prognosis to the CHF sufferer. Injudicious use of diuretics has been demonstrated to be potentially harmful and consideration should be paid to avoiding dietary salt indiscretion as well as the pharmacokinetic properties of individual diuretics to achieve optimal diuretic response. In this article, we explore the current insight into the use of diuretics in CHF. [less ▲]

Current trends in computer-based assessment

Scientific Conference (2015)

Current Understanding of Van der Waals Effects in Realistic Materials

in ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (2015), 25(13, SI), 2054-2061

Van der Waals (vdW) interactions arise from correlated electronic fluctuations in matter and are therefore present in all materials. Our understanding of these relatively weak yet ubiquitous quantum ... [more ▼]

Van der Waals (vdW) interactions arise from correlated electronic fluctuations in matter and are therefore present in all materials. Our understanding of these relatively weak yet ubiquitous quantum mechanical interactions has improved significantly during the past decade. This understanding has been largely driven by the development of efficient methods that now enable the modeling of vdW interactions in many realistic materials of interest for fundamental scientific questions and technological applications. In this work, the physics behind the currently available vdW methods are reviewed, and their applications to a wide variety of materials are highlighted, ranging from molecular assemblies to solids with and without defects, nanostructures of varying size and dimensionality, as well as interfaces between inorganic and organic materials. The origin of collective vdW interactions in materials is discussed using the concept of topological dipole waves. Focus is placed on the important observation that the full many-body treatment of vdW interactions becomes crucial in the investigation and characterization of materials with increasing complexity, especially when studying their response properties, including vibrational mechanical, and optical phenomena. Despite significant recent advances many challenges still remain in the development of accurate and efficient methods for treating vdW interactions that will be broadly applicable to the modeling of functional materials at all relevant length and timescales. [less ▲]

Curriculare Konstruktionen Luxemburger Staatsbürger im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert

in Hemecht : Zeitschrift für Luxemburger Geschichte = Revue d'Histoire Luxembourgeoise (2016), 68(1), 107-111

Curriculum Development in Multilingual Societies: the example of Luxembourg

Presentation (2019, October 03)

A curriculum for the 21st century

in Priestley, M; Biesta, Gert (Eds.) Reinventing the curriculum. New trends in curriculum policy and practice (2013)

Curriculum history or the educational construction of Europe in the long nineteenth century

in European Educational Research Journal (2016), 15(3), 279-297

Although it is generally acknowledged that the building of mass schooling systems must be considered in close relation to the emerging nation-states of the long 19th century, few published studies discuss ... [more ▼]

Although it is generally acknowledged that the building of mass schooling systems must be considered in close relation to the emerging nation-states of the long 19th century, few published studies discuss the interrelation between the actual foundation of the (nation-) states and the introduction of the modern school. This article examines the role that constitutions play in the construction of national citizens as an expression of a particular cultural understanding of a political entity, and then discusses European examples, indicating how the particular constitutional construction of the citizens of European countries almost immediately triggered the need to create new school laws designed to organize the actual implementation of the constitutionally created citizens. The focus is on the specific need to ‘make’ loyal citizens by creating the symbiosis between the nation and the constitutional state and by emphasizing the cultural differences between the individual nation-states and their overall curricula. The article concludes with a formulation of research desiderata which envision a transnational curriculum history that is emancipated from both national and global research agendas, enabling a European education history that respects cultural distinctions rather than levelling them into one grand narrative [less ▲]

Curriculum unter Beschuss? Luxemburger Schulreform im Kontest des Ersten Welkrieges

in Majerus, Benoît; Roemer, Charles; Thommes, Gianna (Eds.) 1914-1918: Guerre(s) au Luxembourg - Kriege in Luxemburg (2014)

Sowohl die öffentlichen als auch die innerprofessionellen Diskussionen und die sich daraus ergebenden curricularen Verhandlungen belegen, dass die Schulpolitik in Luxemburg während des Ersten Weltkriegs ... [more ▼]

Sowohl die öffentlichen als auch die innerprofessionellen Diskussionen und die sich daraus ergebenden curricularen Verhandlungen belegen, dass die Schulpolitik in Luxemburg während des Ersten Weltkriegs als ein Mittel zur Konstruktion einer neutralen, pazifistischen, alternativen Realität verstanden wurde, mit Hilfe derer soziale Gegebenheiten und aus dem Krieg resultierende Probleme reguliert werden konnten. Dennoch zeigte die Curriculumspolitik der Nachkriegszeit, dass solche optimistischen Konzeptionen auf Dauer nicht beizubehalten waren. [less ▲]