Using Defeasible Information to Obtain Coherence

in BNAIC 2016 - Proceedings of the 28th Benelux Conference on Artificial intelligence (2016)

In this paper we consider the problem of obtaining coherence in a propositional knowledge base using techniques from Belief Change. Our motivation comes from the field of formal ontologies where coherence ... [more ▼]

In this paper we consider the problem of obtaining coherence in a propositional knowledge base using techniques from Belief Change. Our motivation comes from the field of formal ontologies where coherence is interpreted to mean that a concept name has to be satisfiable. [less ▲]

Using digital footprints in entrepreneurship research: A Twitter-based personality analysis of superstar entrepreneurs and managers

in Journal of Business Venturing Insights (2017), 8

Research indicates that individuals’ digital footprints, for example in Twitter and Facebook, can reveal remarkably valid information about their personality characteristics. In this study, we use digital ... [more ▼]

Research indicates that individuals’ digital footprints, for example in Twitter and Facebook, can reveal remarkably valid information about their personality characteristics. In this study, we use digital footprints to gain insights into the personality of superstar entrepreneurs and managers, a largely understudied population in entrepreneurship research. Specifically, we compare the personality characteristics of 106 of the most influential business leaders employing a computerized text analysis tool based on the individuals’ Twitter messages (Receptiviti). Our findings are surprising and indicate that superstar managers are more entrepreneurial in many personality characteristics than superstar entrepreneurs. However, we also found some indications that superstar entrepreneurs seem to show features of a classic “Schumpeterian” entrepreneurial personality with respect to being creative, independent rule-breakers. [less ▲]

Using Emotions and Topics to Understand Online Misinformation

in Web Engineering. ICWE 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13893. Springer, Cham. (2023, June 16)

Misinformation has become one of the most pressing social issues in the twenty-first century. How the combinations of emotions and topics trigger the spread of misinformation, however, still remains to be ... [more ▼]

Misinformation has become one of the most pressing social issues in the twenty-first century. How the combinations of emotions and topics trigger the spread of misinformation, however, still remains to be revealed. This study comprehensively examines misinformation and its diffusion by correlating emotions and topics. First, we examine how specific emotions and topics are combined in misinformation. Second, we identify the effects of emotions and topics on the virality of misinformation. Finally, we further explore how to employ users’ topic preferences and emotion reactions to detect and analyze echo chambers in misinformation cascades. The findings can help construct a detailed and consistent understanding on misinformation diffusion in terms of emotions and topics. Potential practical implications are also provided to prevent the spread of misinformation online. [less ▲]

Using environmental predictive settlement choice models as input data for settlement pattern simulations

Scientific Conference (2020)

Inductive models of archaeological site locations have been successfully used for predicting archaeological potential of places in landscapes. These models are mostly based on currently observable ... [more ▼]

Inductive models of archaeological site locations have been successfully used for predicting archaeological potential of places in landscapes. These models are mostly based on currently observable environmental information. To reduce environmental determinism and increase both explanatory and predictive power several variables like visibility of locations have been interpreted as social factors of settlement locations. In the current paper we explore the possibilities of using inductive environmental models as input to simulation models. Although similar to models created for predictive purposes they need to be designed with different considerations. We present a study where we use inductive models of archaeological site locations to describe the spatial configuration of space environmentally suitable for residence. To do so we develop a conceptual agent-based model of residential choice based on discrete choice theory and theories of residential choice used in multiple fields from archaeology to contemporary urban studies. We discuss the role of environmental influences as perceived in archaeological data and how they relate to social influences and historical processes leading to emergence of settlement patterns. We argue that spatial structures of the inductive models of specific settlement patterns can inform us about the causal processes behind them when experimented with agent-based simulations. We present case study using inductive models of settlement locations from different periods of the Stone Age of Estonia. The differences of inductive settlement choice models and the ways of comparing them are discussed. The spatial configurations of the models of economic modes have different structures. For example region where settlements of water connected hunter-gatherers can be found has a different spatial structure than that of early agrarian communities. Those differences give insights on socioeconomic histories and can be used in explaining settlement pattern formation processes. [less ▲]

Using FileMaker Pro to get the most from your corpus data

Scientific Conference (2014, June 21)

This presentation provides a basic introduction to the database programme FileMaker Pro. I will use examples from my research for which I used Corpus Query Language in Sketch Engine to retrieve importance ... [more ▼]

This presentation provides a basic introduction to the database programme FileMaker Pro. I will use examples from my research for which I used Corpus Query Language in Sketch Engine to retrieve importance markers from BASE lectures which I then stored and annotated with FileMaker Pro. Although this programme is mainly used by businesses and so probably less familiar to corpus researchers than, for example, Access, it offers many features which greatly facilitate and speed up the processing of corpus data for research or materials development. Corpus concordances can be imported into a FileMaker database, where you can give them multiple tags and quickly and easily generate quantified instances from your corpus using any tag or a combination of tags. For example, the programme allowed me to classify concordances of importance markers into lexicogrammatical patterns, interactive and textual orientation types, component parts (e.g. verbs, Subjects), discipline, study level, co-occurring discourse markers etc. In this way, it took only a few seconds to generate and quantify instances of importance markers which, for instance, have the pattern ‘V clause’, contain ‘remember’ and co-occur with the discourse marker ‘but’. The programme thus allows you to examine and quantify the same data in a variety of ways and to retrieve only those instances you are interested in. This has considerable potential for facilitating the retrieval of corpus evidence for materials design and research. [less ▲]

Using forum theatre in organised youth soccer to positively influence antisocial and prosocial behaviour: a pilot study.

in Journal of Moral Education (2010), 39(1), 65-78

Using Gamification and Metaphor to Design a Mobility Platform for Commuters

in International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction (2012)

In this paper the authors explain the use of gamification as a way to optimize mobility patterns within a heav- ily congested European City. They explore this from two perspectives, first by outlining a ... [more ▼]

In this paper the authors explain the use of gamification as a way to optimize mobility patterns within a heav- ily congested European City. They explore this from two perspectives, first by outlining a gaming concept and secondly by explaining how the use of a mobility game that took place in two locations can be used to explore incentives and design issues. [less ▲]

Using GPS and absolute gravity observations to separate the effects of present-day and Pleistocene ice-mass changes in South East Greenland

in Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2017), 459

Measurements of vertical crustal uplift from bedrock sites around the edge of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) can be used to constrain present day mass loss. Interpreting any observed crustal displacement ... [more ▼]

Measurements of vertical crustal uplift from bedrock sites around the edge of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) can be used to constrain present day mass loss. Interpreting any observed crustal displacement around the GrIS in terms of present day changes in ice is complicated, however, by the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) signal. With GPS observations alone, it is impossible to separate the uplift driven by present day mass changes from that due to ice mass changes in the past. Wahr et al. (1995) demonstrated that viscoelastic surface displacements were related to the viscoelastic gravity changes through a proportionality constant that is nearly independent of the choice of Earth viscosity or ice history model. Thus, by making measurements of both gravity and surface motion at a bedrock site, the viscoelastic effects could be removed from the observations and we would be able to constrain present day ice mass changes. Alternatively, we could use the same observations of surface displacements and gravity to determine the GIA signal. In this paper, we extend the theory of Wahr et al. (1995) by introducing a constant, Z, that represents the ratio between the elastic changes in gravity and elastic uplift at a particular site due to present day mass changes. Further, we combine 20 yrs of GPS observations of uplift with eight absolute gravity observations over the same period to determine the GIA signal near Kulusuk, a site on the southeastern side of the GrIS, to experimentally demonstrate the theory. We estimate that the GIA signal in the region is 4.49 ± 1.44 mm/yr and is inconsistent with most previously reported model predictions that demonstrate that the GIA signal here is negative. However, as there is very little in situ data to constrain the GIA rate in this part of Greenland, the Earth model or the ice history reconstructions could be inaccurate (Khan et al., 2016). Improving the estimate of GIA in this region of Greenland will allow us to better determine the present day changes in ice mass in the region, e.g. from GRACE. [less ▲]

Using Graph Summarization for Join-Ahead Pruning in a Distributed RDF Engine

in Semantic Web Information Management on Semantic Web Information Management (2014)

Using Heterogeneous Multilevel Swarms of UAVs and High-Level Data Fusion to Support Situation Management in Surveillance Scenarios

in 2016 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems, MFI 2016 (2016, September 19)

The development and usage of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) quickly increased in the last decades, mainly for military purposes. This technology is also now of high interest in non-military contexts like ... [more ▼]

The development and usage of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) quickly increased in the last decades, mainly for military purposes. This technology is also now of high interest in non-military contexts like logistics, environmental studies and different areas of civil protection. While the technology for operating a single UAV is rather mature, additional efforts are still necessary for using UAVs in fleets (or swarms). The Aid to SItuation Management based on MUltimodal, MUltiUAVs, MUltilevel acquisition Techniques (ASIMUT) project which is supported by the European Defence Agency (EDA) aims at investigating and demonstrating dedicated surveillance services based on fleets of UAVs. The aim is to enhance the situation awareness of an operator and to decrease his workload by providing support for the detection of threats based on multi-sensor multi-source data fusion. The operator is also supported by the combination of information delivered by the heterogeneous swarms of UAVs and by additional information extracted from intelligence databases. As a result, a distributed surveillance system increasing detection, high-level data fusion capabilities and UAV autonomy is proposed. [less ▲]