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See detailA systematic review to identify behavioural models underpinning school-based interventions in pre-primary and primary settings for the prevention of obesity in children aged 4-6 years.
Nixon, Catherine A.; Moore, Helen J.; Douthwaite, Wayne et al

in Obesity Reviews (2012), 13(Suppl 1), 106-117

The aim of this comprehensive systematic review was to identify the most important behavioural models underpinning school-based interventions aimed at preventing or counteracting obesity in 4-6 year olds ... [more ▼]

The aim of this comprehensive systematic review was to identify the most important behavioural models underpinning school-based interventions aimed at preventing or counteracting obesity in 4-6 year olds. Searching was conducted in April 2010, with relevant literature included in the review from 1995 up to and including the search date on MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and The Cochrane Library. Epidemiological studies relevant to the research question with controlled assignment of participants were included in the review, if they had follow up periods of six months or longer. Outcomes included markers of weight gain; markers of body composition; physical activity behaviour changes and dietary behaviour changes. A total of twelve individual studies were included in review. The most commonly used model was Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)/Social Learning Theory (SLT) either as a single model or in combination with other behavioural models. Studies that used SCT/SLT in the development of the intervention had significant favourable changes in one, or more, outcome measures. Those interventions that combine (a) high levels of parental involvement and interactive school-based learning and (b) that target physical activity plus dietary change, require further consideration in the development of useful interventions for children aged 4-6 years old. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 382 (2 UL)
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See detailSystematic systemics: Causality, catalysis, and developmental cybernetics
Valsiner, Jaan UL; Cabell, Kenneth

in Cabell, Kenneth; Valsiner, Jaan (Eds.) The catalyzing mind: Beyond models of causality (2014)

Detailed reference viewed: 208 (0 UL)
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See detailSystematic Trading Behavior and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns on the OMXH
Leung, Henry; Rose, Annica UL; Westerholm, P. Joakim

in Review of Finance (2014), 18(6), 2325-2374

Signed small trade turnover (SSTT) measures temporary uninformed buy or sell pressure that is initiated by small trades in the same direction. Using Nasdaq OMX Helsinki tick-by-tick trade data with known ... [more ▼]

Signed small trade turnover (SSTT) measures temporary uninformed buy or sell pressure that is initiated by small trades in the same direction. Using Nasdaq OMX Helsinki tick-by-tick trade data with known investor category, we confirm that SSTT is a robust proxy for uninformed trading. In the short term (1–3 months), stocks with a high proportion of signed small trades outperform, but in the medium (4–6 months) and long term (7–36 months), SSTT by individual investors has a negative correlation to stock returns, while SSTT by institutional investors and foreign nominees is not related to stock returns. Systematic trading behavior appears to better explain the excess return generated by the low SSTT portfolio relative to the high SSTT portfolio when compared to traditional risk factors in the CAPM and Fama-French models. In the aggregate, small trades are noise in the spirit of Kyle (1985) and Black (1986), but small trade behavior impacts the performance of individuals and not the performance of institutions. Large trades by both individuals and institutions perform better in the intermediate and long term, which lends some credibility to the practice of classifying larger trades as informed, but our results show that these trades are not always by institutions. [less ▲]

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See detailSystematic trading behaviour and its informational effect: evidence from the OMXH
Rose, Annica UL

in Applied Financial Economics (2014), 24(22), 1421-1427

By using signed small trade turnover (SSTT) as a proxy of investors’ systematic trading behaviour and permanent price effect (PPE) as a proxy for informed trading, this article investigates the short-term ... [more ▼]

By using signed small trade turnover (SSTT) as a proxy of investors’ systematic trading behaviour and permanent price effect (PPE) as a proxy for informed trading, this article investigates the short-term outperformance of high SSTT stocks for categories of investors on the NASDAQ OMX Helsinki (OMXH) and whether the outperformance is best understood in the context of investor trading behaviour or informed trading. This study finds that the trading of high SSTT stocks is associated with a lower PPE than the trading of low SSTT stocks, which implies that the trading of high SSTT stocks is less informed than the trading of low SSTT stocks, and that the short-term outperformance of high SSTT stocks relative to low SSTT stocks is best explained within the behavioural finance framework, that is, by investors’ bias towards popular stocks proxied by SSTT, and not within the rational framework, that is, by informed trading proxied by the PPE. These findings are economically and statistically significant for all types of investors. [less ▲]

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See detailSystematic transcriptional profiling of responses to STAT1- and STAT3- activating cytokines in different cancer types
Kirchmeyer, Mélanie UL; Servais, Florence UL; Ginolhac, Aurélien UL et al

in Journal of Molecular Biology (2020)

Cytokines orchestrate responses to pathogens and in inflammatory processes but they also play an important role in cancer by shaping the expression levels of cytokine response genes. Here, we conducted a ... [more ▼]

Cytokines orchestrate responses to pathogens and in inflammatory processes but they also play an important role in cancer by shaping the expression levels of cytokine response genes. Here, we conducted a large profiling study comparing miRNome and mRNA transcriptome data generated following different cytokine stimulations. Transcriptomic responses to STAT1- (IFN, IL-27) and STAT3-activating cytokines (IL6, OSM) were systematically compared in nine cancerous and nonneoplastic cell lines of different tissue origins (skin, liver and colon). The largest variation in our datasets was seen between cell lines of the three different tissues rather than stimuli. Notably, the variability in miRNome datasets was a lot more pronounced than in mRNA data. Our data also revealed that cells of skin, liver and colon tissues respond very differently to cytokines and that the cell signaling networks activated or silenced in response to STAT1- or STAT3- activating cytokines are specific to the tissue and the type of cytokine. However, globally, STAT1-activating cytokines had stronger effects than STAT3-inducing cytokines with most significant responses in liver cells, showing more genes up-regulated and with higher fold change. A more detailed analysis of gene regulations upon cytokine stimulation in these cells provided insights into STAT1- versus STAT3-driven processes in hepatocarcinogenesis. Finally, independent component analysis revealed interconnected transcriptional networks distinct between cancer cells and their healthy counterparts. [less ▲]

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See detailThe systematic variation of task characteristics facilitates the understanding of task difficulty: A cognitive diagnostic modeling approach to complex problem solving
Greiff, Samuel UL; Krkovic, Katarina UL; Nagy, Gabriel

in Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling (2014), 56(1), 83-103

Since the 1960ies, when pioneering research on Item Response Theory (IRT) was published, considerable progress has been made with regard to the psychometrical quality of psychological assessment tools ... [more ▼]

Since the 1960ies, when pioneering research on Item Response Theory (IRT) was published, considerable progress has been made with regard to the psychometrical quality of psychological assessment tools. One recent development building upon IRT is the introduction of Cognitive Diagnostic Modeling (CDM). The major goal of introducing CDM was to develop methods that allow for examining which cognitive processes are involved when a person is working on a specific assessment task. More precisely, CDM enables researchers to investigate whether assumed task characteristics drive item difficulty and, thus, person ability parameters. This may – at least according to the assumption inherent in CDM - allow conclusions about cognitive processes involved in assessment tasks. In this study, out of the numerous CDMs available the Least Square Distance Method (LSDM; Dimitrov, 2012) was applied to investigate psychometrical qualities of an assessment instrument measuring Complex Problem Solving (CPS) skills. For the purpose of the study, two task characteristics essential for mastering CPS tasks were identified ex-ante – degree of connectivity and presence of indirect effects by adding eigendynamics to the task. The study examined whether and how the two hypothesized task characteristics drive item difficulty of two CPS dimensions, knowledge acquisition and knowledge application. The sample consisted of 490 German high school students, who completed the computer-based CPS assessment instrument MicroDYN. The two task characteristics in MicroDYN items were varied systematically. Results obtained in LSDM indicated that the two hypothesized task characteristics, degree of connectivity and introducing indirect effects, drove item difficulty only for knowledge acquisition. Hence, other task characteristics that may determine item difficulty of knowledge application need to be investigated in future studies in order to provide a sound measurement of CPS. [less ▲]

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See detailSystematische Erforschung komplexer Problemlösefähigkeit anhand minimal komplexer Systeme
Greiff, Samuel UL; Funke, Joachim

in Zeitschrift für Pädagogik. Beiheft (2010), 56

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See detailSystematization of threats and requirements for private messaging with untrusted servers. The case of E-mailing and instant messaging
Symeonidis, Iraklis UL; Lenzini, Gabriele UL

in International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy, Malta 25-27 February 2020 (2020, February)

Modern email and instant messaging applications often offer private communications. In doing so, they share common concerns about how security and privacy can be compromised, how they should face similar ... [more ▼]

Modern email and instant messaging applications often offer private communications. In doing so, they share common concerns about how security and privacy can be compromised, how they should face similar threats, and how to comply with comparable system requirements. Assuming a scenario where servers may not be trusted, we review and analyze a list of threats specifically against message delivering, archiving, and contact synchronization. We also describe a list of requirements intended for whom undertakes the task of implementing secure and private messaging. The cryptographic solutions available to mitigate the threats and to comply with the requirements may differ, as the two applications are built on different assumptions and technologies. [less ▲]

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See detailLe système juridictionnel de l’Union comme garantie de l’Etat de droit dans la jurisprudence récente de la CJUE
Zinonos, Panagiotis UL

in Revue du Droit de l'Union Européenne (2019), (4), 153-168

La jurisprudence récente de la Cour de justice suggère que la fonction du système juridictionnel de l’Union, composé des juridictions nationales et européennes stricto sensu, n’est pas seulement de ... [more ▼]

La jurisprudence récente de la Cour de justice suggère que la fonction du système juridictionnel de l’Union, composé des juridictions nationales et européennes stricto sensu, n’est pas seulement de garantir le contenu matériel de l’Etat de droit. Les principes régissant ce système et ses mécanismes constituent en effet autant de composantes du contenu de l’Etat de droit et font du système juridictionnel une garantie à part entière de cette valeur fondatrice de l’Union. D’un point de vue procédural, la fonction nouvelle du système juridictionnel s’exprime par les obligations incombant aux Etats membres et par l’office européen du juge national, dont la pratique a transformé, dans un esprit de loyauté juridictionnelle et de volontarisme, les mécanismes du renvoi préjudiciel et du mandat d’arrêt européen en garanties systémiques de l’Etat de droit. La présente contribution propose une modélisation nouvelle de l’Union qui permet de visualiser le rapprochement du contenu systémique de la protection juridictionnelle et du principe européen de légalité mais aussi la suprématie du principe de loyauté qui non seulement affecte le principe de légalité mais fait aussi émerger des principes fonctionnels dérivés tels que la primauté et la confiance mutuelle. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 204 (5 UL)
See detailLe système juridique français à l'ère de la contractualisation
Hiez, David UL; Chassagnard-Pinet, Sandrine

in La contractualisation de la production normative (2008)

Detailed reference viewed: 256 (1 UL)
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See detailLe système pénitentiaire luxembourgeois
Tosza, Stanislaw UL; Ligeti, Katalin UL

in Céré, J.P.; Japiassú, C. E. A. (Eds.) Les systèmes pénitentiaires dans le monde (2011)

Detailed reference viewed: 134 (2 UL)
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See detailUn système plurilingue peut-il être efficace?
Martin, Romain UL; Houssemand, Claude UL

in Cahiers du Service de Pédagogie Expérimentale (SPE) (2003, September), 15(16), 157-164

Detailed reference viewed: 336 (4 UL)
See detailLe système scolaire luxembourgeois : aperçu et tendances
Lenz, Thomas UL; Heinz, Andreas UL

in LUCET; SCRIPT (Eds.) Rapport national sur l'éducation au Luxembourg 2018 (2018)

Cet article donne un aperçu des principaux faits et chiffres du système scolaire luxembourgeois et présente les développements réalisés au cours des dernières années. L’accent est mis en particulier sur ... [more ▼]

Cet article donne un aperçu des principaux faits et chiffres du système scolaire luxembourgeois et présente les développements réalisés au cours des dernières années. L’accent est mis en particulier sur la transition de l’enseignement fondamental à l’enseignement secondaire. À cet égard, d’importantes différences sont en partie observées en fonction du sexe, des nationalités et entre différentes communes du Luxembourg. [less ▲]

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See detailLe système scolaire luxembourgeois: Un système scolaire scolaire peu efficace malgré ou à cause de son caractère multilingue?
Portante, Dominique UL; Martin, Romain UL

in Cahiers du Service de Pédagogie Expérimentale (SPE) (2003), 15/16(4), 516-532

Detailed reference viewed: 214 (12 UL)
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See detailLes systèmes automatisés vont-ils redéfinir la nature du combat terrestre ?
Fouillet, Thibault UL

Report (2020)

L’analyse des doctrines des grandes puissances étrangères confirme une tendance à la massification des systèmes automatisés (SA) et une progressive autonomisation de leurs capacités aussi bien létales que ... [more ▼]

L’analyse des doctrines des grandes puissances étrangères confirme une tendance à la massification des systèmes automatisés (SA) et une progressive autonomisation de leurs capacités aussi bien létales que non létales. A cet égard, les principales puissances, USA, Chine, Russie, Israël, préparent le déploiement de Systèmes d’Armes Autonomes Létaux (SALA) sous supervision humaine, à la différence d’autres Etats comme la France et le Canada qui refusent de déshumaniser le combat. Ce phénomène appelé à se développer du fait des progrès techniques et informatiques, pourrait connaître une accélération avec la maîtrise de l’intelligence artificielle et les progrès de miniaturisation. Cette prolifération pouvant se faire de manière discrète puisque la composition des SALA n’implique pas, pour une majeure partie, de composants soumis à un contrôle de la communauté internationale. Cette menace impacte notablement la plupart des huit facteurs de supériorité opérationnelle retenus par l’armée de Terre, sensibles à l’apparition de nouveaux moyens automatiques et autonomes, et doit conduire les forces à évoluer en termes capacitaires (Doctrine, Organisation, R-H, Entrainement, Soutien, Equipement). Il s’agit ainsi, de moderniser progressivement les forces terrestres françaises par l’introduction de systèmes d’armes automatiques et adaptés à la lutte contre les SALA en assurant leur compatibilité avec les moyens existants, en particulier le système infovalorisé SCORPION. Pour garantir l’efficacité des forces aéroterrestres, il faut savoir tirer le meilleur parti des modules et plateformes automatiques, tout en préservant la place centrale de l’Homme. Cet impératif nécessitera d’accorder une attention particulière, au rythme d’introduction des systèmes autonomes dans les forces, au type de missions qui leurs sont confiées et à la relation Homme/Machine, par le développement de systèmes préservant la cohérence de l’action malgré une automatisation progressive de leurs fonctions. Toutefois, il ne faudrait pas que le respect de principes éthiques empêche d’anticiper les risques constitués par le déploiement de SALA par l’adversaire. Dans cette perspective, la protection de la force avec des moyens adaptés constitue un autre impératif, tout aussi important. En effet, l’introduction de systèmes létaux autonomes en masse par un adversaire pourrait faire notablement évoluer la nature du combat. Une force ennemie ainsi dotée de très nombreux SALA, agissant au sol et près du sol, pourrait tirer parti au cours d’un engagement d’un effet de saturation et de relative insensibilité aux pertes matérielles en privilégiant la brutalité à la manœuvre. [less ▲]

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See detailSystèmes de numération en base rationnelle
Leroy, Julien UL

Presentation (2008, October)

Detailed reference viewed: 126 (0 UL)
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See detailA systemic approach to interpersonal relationships and activities among French teleworkers
Vayre, Emilie; Pignault, Anne UL

in New Technology, Work and Employment (2014), 29(2), 177-192

Within a systemic and interactional approach, this study seeks to understand how French teleworkers (re)organise their relationships with others as well as their activities. Lexical analysis of interviews ... [more ▼]

Within a systemic and interactional approach, this study seeks to understand how French teleworkers (re)organise their relationships with others as well as their activities. Lexical analysis of interviews with 24 telecommuters (nomadic, alternating and working at home full-time) confirms and complements the results in the literature in this field. On one hand, the findings confirmed a decline in the quality of professional relationships due to their being mediated through technology. On the other hand, there was a distinction between the ways in which different types of teleworkers ascribed meaning and adapted their activities and business, family and social relationships. [less ▲]

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See detailA systemic framework of energy efficiency in schools: experiences from six European countries
Brychkov, Dmitry; Goggins, Gary; Doherty, Edelle et al

in Energy Efficiency (2023), 16(21),

Schools are complex physical and social institutions within national education systems. They account for significant energy consumption and like other buildings can demonstrate inefficient patterns of ... [more ▼]

Schools are complex physical and social institutions within national education systems. They account for significant energy consumption and like other buildings can demonstrate inefficient patterns of energy use. Poor energy performance of educational facilities is an intricate issue driven by complex causality of interconnected and dynamic factors. Addressing this issue requires a systemic approach, which is heretofore lacking. The aim of this research is to present and describe a systemic framework to facilitate energy reduction in schools across different European contexts. This transdisciplinary approach to sustainable energy use has been piloted in 13 post primary schools located in six countries in northwest Europe. The research implements a series of planned activities and interventions, which help to unveil a systemic approach to improving energy efficiency in schools. The findings demonstrate how this approach, together with its ensuing methodologies and strategies, can contribute to reducing carbon emissions and improve knowledge and awareness around sustainable energy. [less ▲]

Detailed reference viewed: 132 (1 UL)