Möglichkeitsräume dialogischer Wissenstransformation

in Cloos, Peter; Lochner, Barbara; Schoneville, Holger (Eds.) Soziale Arbeit als Projekt. Konturierungen von Disziplin und Profession (2019)

Essays in Financial Stability

Doctoral thesis (2019)

Graph-based Algorithms for Smart Mobility Planning and Large-scale Network Discovery

Doctoral thesis (2019)

Graph theory has become a hot topic in the past two decades as evidenced by the increasing number of citations in research. Its applications are found in many fields, e.g. database, clustering, routing ... [more ▼]

Graph theory has become a hot topic in the past two decades as evidenced by the increasing number of citations in research. Its applications are found in many fields, e.g. database, clustering, routing, etc. In this thesis, two novel graph-based algorithms are presented. The first algorithm finds itself in the thriving carsharing service, while the second algorithm is about large graph discovery to unearth the unknown graph before any analyses can be performed. In the first scenario, the automatisation of the fleet planning process in carsharing is proposed. The proposed work enhances the accuracy of the planning to the next level by taking an advantage of the open data movement such as street networks, building footprints, and demographic data. By using the street network (based on graph), it solves the questionable aspect in many previous works, feasibility as they tended to use rasterisation to simplify the map, but that comes with the price of accuracy and feasibility. A benchmark suite for further research in this problem is also provided. Along with it, two optimisation models with different sets of objectives and contexts are proposed. Through a series of experiment, a novel hybrid metaheuristic algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is called NGAP, which is based on Reference Point based Non-dominated Sorting genetic Algorithm (NSGA-III) and Pareto Local Search (PLS) and a novel problem specific local search operator designed for the fleet placement problem in carsharing called Extensible Neighbourhood Search (ENS). The designed local search operator exploits the graph structure of the street network and utilises the local knowledge to improve the exploration capability. The results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms the original NSGA-III in convergence under the same execution time. The work in smart mobility is done on city scale graphs which are considered to be medium size. However, the scale of the graphs in other fields in the real-world can be much larger than that which is why the large graph discovery algorithm is proposed as the second algorithm. To elaborate on the definition of large, some examples are required. The internet graph has over 30 billion nodes. Another one is a human brain network contains around 1011 nodes. Apart of the size, there is another aspect in real-world graph and that is the unknown. With the dynamic nature of the real-world graphs, it is almost impossible to have a complete knowledge of the graph to perform an analysis that is why graph traversal is crucial as the preparation process. I propose a novel memoryless chaos-based graph traversal algorithm called Chaotic Traversal (CHAT). CHAT is the first graph traversal algorithm that utilises the chaotic attractor directly. An experiment with two well-known chaotic attractors, Lozi map and Rössler system is conducted. The proposed algorithm is compared against the memoryless state-of-the-art algorithm, Random Walk. The results demonstrate the superior performance in coverage rate over Random Walk on five tested topologies; ring, small world, random, grid and power-law. In summary, the contribution of this research is twofold. Firstly, it contributes to the research society by introducing new study problems and novel approaches to propel the advance of the current state-of-the-art. And Secondly, it demonstrates a strong case for the conversion of research to the industrial sector to solve a real-world problem. [less ▲]

Digital Public History in Luxemburg

Presentation (2019, December 02)

Energy Efficient Bit Allocation and Hybrid Combining for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems

in GLOBECOM (2019)

Temporal 3D Human Pose Estimation for Action Recognition from Arbitrary Viewpoints

in 6th Annual Conf. on Computational Science & Computational Intelligence, Las Vegas 5-7 December 2019 (2019, December)

This work presents a new view-invariant action recognition system that is able to classify human actions by using a single RGB camera, including challenging camera viewpoints. Understanding actions from ... [more ▼]

This work presents a new view-invariant action recognition system that is able to classify human actions by using a single RGB camera, including challenging camera viewpoints. Understanding actions from different viewpoints remains an extremely challenging problem, due to depth ambiguities, occlusion, and a large variety of appearances and scenes. Moreover, using only the information from the 2D perspective gives different interpretations for the same action seen from different viewpoints. Our system operates in two subsequent stages. The first stage estimates the 2D human pose using a convolution neural network. In the next stage, the 2D human poses are lifted to 3D human poses, using a temporal convolution neural network that enforces the temporal coherence over the estimated 3D poses. The estimated 3D poses from different viewpoints are then aligned to the same camera reference frame. Finally, we propose to use a temporal convolution network-based classifier for cross-view action recognition. Our results show that we can achieve state of art view-invariant action recognition accuracy even for the challenging viewpoints by only using RGB videos, without pre-training on synthetic or motion capture data. [less ▲]

Motivational Effects of Enhanced Expectancies for Motor Learning in Individuals With High and Low Self-Efficacy

in Perceptual and Motor Skills (2019)

Previous research has shown that enhanced expectancies can foster a person’s motivational state and facilitate motor learning. However, the effects of enhanced expectancies on motivational state and ... [more ▼]

Previous research has shown that enhanced expectancies can foster a person’s motivational state and facilitate motor learning. However, the effects of enhanced expectancies on motivational state and subsequent motor learning in individuals with varied motivational states (e.g., self-efficacy; SE) are not well understood. This study examined the effects of enhanced expectancies on motivational state and motor learning in individuals with high and low SE by manipulating the type of knowledge of results (KR). We selected 60 participants from 251 male undergraduate students, based on their SE level, and assigned them to four groups: (a) Good Performance KR and High SE, (b) Poor Performance KR and High SE, (c) Good Performance KR and Low SE, and (d) Poor Performance KR and Low SE. We asked participants to throw beanbags at a target with their nondominant hand during an acquisition phase (10 blocks of six trials each) and during subsequent retention and transfer tests. During acquisition, the Good KR groups received KR from their three most accurate trials in each training block, whereas the Poor KR groups received KR from their three poorest attempts in each block. We measured accuracy scores and changes in SE as dependent variables. Results showed that KR from good trials, relative to KR from poor trials, led to better accuracy scores during acquisition and retention and transfer tests, independent of participants’ initial SE levels. Moreover, KR on good trials enhanced SE in the Good KR and Low SE group and kept SE at a high level in the Good KR and High SE group during acquisition and on the retention and transfer tests. These results provide support for the OPTIMAL (optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning) theory of motor learning, and we discuss results in terms of the potential effects of positive feedback on motor performance in professional athletes. [less ▲]

Luxemburg - Stadtentwicklung von den Anfängen bis zum Ende des Mittelalters

in Uhrmacher, Martin; Kass, Steve; Pauli, Sebastian (Eds.) Luxatlas.lu - Ein digitaler und interaktiver historischer Stadtatlas Luxemburgs (2019)

Kurzer Abriss der Stadtgeschichte Luxemburgs bis zum Ende des Mittelalters. Teil des digitalen und interaktiven Stadtatlas Luxemburgs: https://www.luxatlas.lu

On the Formal Structure of Rules in Conflict of Laws

in Legal Knowledge and Information Systems 2019 (proceedings) (2019, December)

Law has different methods and principles to resolve conflicts between norms, most of these come from Roman Law, they are well-known and much discussed. There is a whole branch of law, though, which is ... [more ▼]

Law has different methods and principles to resolve conflicts between norms, most of these come from Roman Law, they are well-known and much discussed. There is a whole branch of law, though, which is much less discussed while having been created exactly in order to resolve special conflicts: conflict of laws. This system within Private International Law is dedicated to providing metarules in legal situations where more than one national legal systems’ rules could be applied: CoL rules indirectly settle the situation by declaring which one’s should. The formal representation of how these rules work contributes not only to the modelling of this branch of law but also provides methodologies for concerns arising from other conflicting normative systems, such as ethically sensitive situations where there are multiple stakeholders with different moral backgrounds. [less ▲]

Conference 'SL(2,R) Days'

Report (2019)