Défis et pratiques dans l’établissement de l’identité des demandeurs lors des processus migratoires

Article for general public (2018)

La note de synthèse présente les principaux résultats de l’étude réalisée en 2017 par le Point de contact Luxembourgeois du Réseau Européen des Migrations intitulée : « Défis et pratiques dans ... [more ▼]

La note de synthèse présente les principaux résultats de l’étude réalisée en 2017 par le Point de contact Luxembourgeois du Réseau Européen des Migrations intitulée : « Défis et pratiques dans l’établissement de l’identité des demandeurs lors des processus migratoires ». Cette étude vise à présenter un aperçu des principaux défis auxquels les autorités compétentes au Luxembourg sont confrontées lors de l’établissement et de la vérification de l’identité des ressortissants de pays-tiers dans le cadre des différentes procédures de migration (asile, retour, migration légale) ainsi que des pratiques mises en œuvre pour relever ces défis. Cette note se base essentiellement sur les informations recueillies jusqu’en juillet 2017 et n’englobe donc que peu d’évolutions qui ont pu se produire après cette date. [less ▲]

What is Modernism?

in Millim, Anne-Marie (Ed.) Modernismen in Luxemburg: Traditionen, Variationen, Brüche (2018)

Despite different recent publications investigating global and lesser-known modernisms, Luxembourg remains a blank spot on the map of modernism studies. To some extent, this is surprising. As Gast Mannes ... [more ▼]

Despite different recent publications investigating global and lesser-known modernisms, Luxembourg remains a blank spot on the map of modernism studies. To some extent, this is surprising. As Gast Mannes notes in his seminal work Luxemburgische Avantgarde of 2007, the underrepresentation of Luxembourgish authors and artists in the history of high modernism is not altogether justified, due to the fact that »individual authors, partly due to bilingualism, played a special role in the transfer of ideas between France and Germany«—a fact that is little known, both in Luxembourg and abroad. To a similar extent, Luxembourg’s absence from modernism studies is unsurprising. One significant factor is that, for many years, the Luxembourgish public, cultural institutions, and creators have placed more value on works of international renown than on Luxembourgish art and literature. This article argues that understanding the invention, management, and rejection of traditions in parallel to avant-garde works is important as it valorises literary and artistic production that could be categorised as »juste milieu«, as moderately modernist, as significant, even revolutionary, in its context, even if not necessarily so from an international perspective. [less ▲]

Knowledge Graph-based Core Concept Identification in Learning Resources

in 8th Joint International Conference, JIST 2018, Awaji, Japan, November 26–28, 2018, Proceedings (2018, December)

The automatic identification of core concepts addressed by a learning resource is an important task in favor of organizing content for educational purposes and for the next generation of learner support ... [more ▼]

The automatic identification of core concepts addressed by a learning resource is an important task in favor of organizing content for educational purposes and for the next generation of learner support systems. We present a set of strategies for core concept identification on the basis of a semantic representation built using the open and available knowledge in the so-called Knowledge Graphs (KGs). Different unsupervised weighting strategies, as well as a supervised method that operates on the semantic representation, were implemented for core concept identification. In order to test the effectiveness of the proposed strategies, a human-expert annotated dataset of 96 learning resources extracted from MOOCs was built. In our experiments, we show the capacity of the semantic representation for the core-concept identification task as well as the superiority of the supervised method. [less ▲]

Motorische Basiskompetenzen Luxemburger Grundschüler und Grundschülerinnen - Ausgewählte Forschungsergebnisse

in Luxembourg Center for Educational Testing (LUCET) (Ed.) Nationaler Bildungsbericht (2018)

Schulische Kompetenzen von Erstklässlern und ihre Entwicklung nach zwei Jahren.

Report (2018)

Dieses Kapitel stellt die Befunde aus drei Datenerhebungen (2014, 2015, 2016) der ÉpStan im Zyklus 2.1 vor und zeigt welche schulischen Kompetenzen Erstklässler am Anfang ihrer Schullaufbahn aufweisen und ... [more ▼]

Dieses Kapitel stellt die Befunde aus drei Datenerhebungen (2014, 2015, 2016) der ÉpStan im Zyklus 2.1 vor und zeigt welche schulischen Kompetenzen Erstklässler am Anfang ihrer Schullaufbahn aufweisen und wie sich diese über zwei Jahre hinweg entwickeln. Allgemein betrachtet, sind die für den Zyklus 1 festgehaltenen Bildungsstandards in den drei überprüften Kernkompetenzen („Luxemburgisch-Hörverstehen“, „Vorläuferfertigkeiten der Schriftsprache“ und „Mathematik“) erfüllt. In allen drei Kompetenzen erreicht die Mehrheit der Schülerinnen und Schüler zu Beginn des Zyklus 2.1 das Niveau Avancé. Zwei Jahre später, im Zyklus 3.1, fällt die Verteilung der Schülerinnen und Schüler auf die verschiedenen Kompetenzränge negativer aus als im Zyklus 2.1. Hier haben vergleichsweise mehr Kinder das Niveau Socle in allen drei Kernkompetenzen noch nicht erreicht. Unsere Befunde zeigen außerdem, dass verschiedene außerschulische Faktoren (wie z. B. sozioökonomische Situation, Sprachhintergrund) bereits sehr früh im Verlauf der Schullaufbahn einen äußerst starken Einfluss auf die Testergebnisse haben und dass sich dieser Einfluss über die Jahre hinweg verstärkt. [less ▲]

QoS-Constrained Sum-Harvested Energy Maximization in OFDMA-based Wireless Cooperative Networks

Scientific Conference (2018, December)

We investigate the performances of the time-switching (TS) and power-splitting (PS) based energy harvesting models in a two-hop relay assisted network where the end-users are capable of decoding ... [more ▼]

We investigate the performances of the time-switching (TS) and power-splitting (PS) based energy harvesting models in a two-hop relay assisted network where the end-users are capable of decoding information and harvesting energy concurrently. In particular, we consider joint resource allocation and relay selection to realize Simultaneous Wireless Transmission of Information and Energy (Wi-TIE) in a multi-carrier multi-user cooperative system where the relays employ the amplify-and-forward (AF) protocol. First, we formulate based on the TS and PS Wi-TIE architectures an optimization problem to maximize the sum of energy harvested at the end-users, taking into consideration each user's quality-of-service (QoS) requirement as well as power constraints at the transmit and relaying nodes. We then solve the formulated problem to optimize the users' Wi-TIE splitting factors along with relay-user coupling, sub-carrier-user assignment, sub-carrier pairing, and power allocation. Finally, we demonstrate the benefits of the proposed framework via numerical results. [less ▲]

Interoperability of EU Databases and Access to Personal Data by National Police Authorities under Article 20 of the Commission Proposals

in European Data Protection Law Review (2018), 4/2018(4), 470-482

This contribution assesses data protection concerns relating to the processing of personal data carried out pursuant to Article 20 of the interoperability proposals, which were published by the European ... [more ▼]

This contribution assesses data protection concerns relating to the processing of personal data carried out pursuant to Article 20 of the interoperability proposals, which were published by the European Commission on 12 December 2017. The proposals seek to enable all centralised EU databases for security, border and migration management to be interconnected by 2023. Under Article 20 of the proposals, Member States would be permitted to implement national provisions that allow national police authorities to query one of the interoperability components with biometric taken during an identity check. Such queries shall prevent irregular migration and ensure a high level of security within Union. In particular, this article seeks to examine the data protection concerns arising with regard to streamlined law enforcement access to non-law enforcement databases included in the interoperable framework, and addresses risks for individuals to become subject to unfair processing under Article 20 of the interoperability proposal. [less ▲]

Pourquoi la microfinance n’a pas éradiqué la pauvreté?

Article for general public (2018)

Numerical check of the Meyerhof bearing capacity equation for shallow foundations

in Innovative Infrastructure Solutions (2018), 3(9), 1-13

Most geotechnical design codes and books use the equations of Meyerhof or Terzaghi to calculate shallow foundations. These equations are based on the failure mechanism published by Prandtl for shallow ... [more ▼]

Most geotechnical design codes and books use the equations of Meyerhof or Terzaghi to calculate shallow foundations. These equations are based on the failure mechanism published by Prandtl for shallow strip foundations. The common idea is that failure of a footing occurs in all cases according to a Prandtl-wedge failure mechanism. To check the failure mechanism and the equations of the currently used bearing capacity factors and correction factors, a large number of finite-element calculations of strip and circular footings have been made. The finite-element calculations show that in cases of soils with high friction angles, soils without cohesion or a surcharge, footings with inclined loading or circular footings, not the Prandtl-wedge failure mechanism, but other failure mechanisms occur. In addition, the currently used equations for the bearing capacity factors and correction factors are too high. Therefore, new equations have been presented in this article. For some correction factors, for example, the inclination factors and the cohesion slope factor, an analytical solution is found. [less ▲]

Le temps long des réseaux sociaux numériques

in Le temps des médias. Revue d'histoire (2018)

Depuis leur émergence au milieu des années 2000, les réseaux sociaux numériques favorisent et provoquent une accélération de la circulation des informations, les transformant en médias à part entière ... [more ▼]

Depuis leur émergence au milieu des années 2000, les réseaux sociaux numériques favorisent et provoquent une accélération de la circulation des informations, les transformant en médias à part entière. Leurs moyens et leur infrastructure techniques autorisent leurs membres à participer non seulement à la diffusion mais également à la création et à la mise en forme de ces informations. Si la (relative) nouveauté des technologies et infrastructures utilisées par les réseaux sociaux numériques est bien documentée, celle des pratiques des utilisateurs/acteurs de ces services dans les modes d’émergence et de circulation de l’information l’est moins. Ce dossier du Temps des médias souhaite mettre au centre de sa démarche une série de questionnements touchant à l’interaction entre (nouvelles) technologies, rythmes ou formats de l’information et (nouveaux) acteurs. Si le cas des réseaux sociaux numériques est considéré comme emblématique de nouveaux modèles de production et de circulation des informations, ce dossier s’appuie sur des approches diachroniques qui permettent ainsi de réintroduire une pluralité de temporalités dans l’étude des réseaux sociaux numériques. [less ▲]