The Interplay between the NIS Directive and the GDPR in a Cybersecurity Threat Landscape

E-print/Working paper (2019)

The Integration Between National and International Regulation of Space Resources Activities Under Public International Law

in Journal of Space Law (2019), 43(1), 60-85

In light of the current tendency of regulating space resources activities through national legislation, this article addresses the validity of such emerging practice under Public International Law (PIL ... [more ▼]

In light of the current tendency of regulating space resources activities through national legislation, this article addresses the validity of such emerging practice under Public International Law (PIL). To this end, the article first recalls the traditional debate between Monism and Dualism about the relationship between municipal and international law. This analysis is further completed by focusing also on the counter-position between two cornerstones of PIL, the principles of State sovereignty and Pacta Sunt Servanda. Next, the article assesses the exposure of national law “integrating” international law, focusing on ex post conflicts between the two sources as regulated by Article 27 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Accordingly, the article will show that States not willing to adapt their national laws will have to face international responsibility under the Draft Articles on State Responsibility for Internationally Wrongful Acts. Based on the above, the article then presents the related legal consequences, both at the international and national levels. Finally, the article closes by assessing the role of interpretative declarations and the defense of persistent objector as possible legal tools for dissenting States. [less ▲]

Supersingular Isogeny-Based Designated Verifier Blind Signature

E-print/Working paper (2019)

European and Ukrainian Experience of Anti-Forestalling Regulations

in Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics (2019), X(Winter, 8(46)), 23732381

The article is devoted tore search the main trends in the tobacco market in the EU and Ukraine, the dynamics of excise tax revenues. Research methods are as follows: scientific abstraction ... [more ▼]

The article is devoted tore search the main trends in the tobacco market in the EU and Ukraine, the dynamics of excise tax revenues. Research methods are as follows: scientific abstraction: generalizations and scientific abstraction; historical and logical; extrapolation; spatial; statistical; graphical and tabular methods of visualization. The purpose and objectives of the study are to assess the effects of increasing the tax burden on excise tax and its impact on the tobacco market in Ukraine, calculate the loss of tax revenue due to excise measures of taxpayers and formulate proposals to combat this phenomenon. The xperience of European countries in the field of anti-forestalling regulation is analyzed. It was found that anti-forestalling measures are divided into four types, such as: cap on tax stamps, cap on release for consumption, sell-by date, paying the tax difference. It has been found that in some countries of the EU optimal anti forestalling regulation has been achieved over a period of time, in several stages and through the introduction of several measures at the same time. Determined that the rapid increase of excise tax rates on tobacco products in Ukraine also caused the problem of forestalling. Estimated that due to this the loss of tax revenues in 2015-2019 to reached 7% of excise tax revenues on tobacco products. It has been proved that current anti-forestalling regulation was not sufficiently effective for counteracting the accumulation of tobacco product stocks. The main results of the study are proposes a new anti-forestalling regulation in Ukraine, by improving the existing measure and introducing an additional term for the circulation of tobacco products in wholesale and retail trade with tax stamps purchased in the previous year to three months [less ▲]

Editorial: teachers’ attitudes and self‐efficacy beliefs with regard to inclusive education

in Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs (2019), 19(S1), 3-7

Diagnostic Competence of Physical Education Teachers

in Peters, Michael A. (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Teacher Education (2019)

Diagnostic competence is considered as a central aspect of teacher competence. It generally aims at specifying the needs for support and linking them with pedagogical didactical measures (Niederkofler et ... [more ▼]

Diagnostic competence is considered as a central aspect of teacher competence. It generally aims at specifying the needs for support and linking them with pedagogical didactical measures (Niederkofler et al. 2018; Schrader 2013). Facing the heterogeneity of learning groups, teachers’ diagnostic competences in assessing students’ characteristics and potential are becoming increasingly relevant. The ability to judge students’ prerequisites adequately is generally seen as a vital basis for an instruction adapted to students’ abilities. Up to now, diagnostic competences are considered as a core aspect of teachers’ expertise. While diagnostic competence includes measures of diagnostic accuracy, related to level, rank, and differentiation, it is not determined by a single ability. It, for instance, also embraces the judgment of requirements of learning materials as an essential element for initiating successful learning processes. The better the diagnostic competence is, the better the difficulty of tasks and materials are estimated. This is not only relevant for lesson preparation but also during a lesson while judging scenarios adequately and consequently adapting teaching and learning processes (Ohle and McElvany 2015; Schrader 2013). [less ▲]

Scaffolding support through integration of learning material

in Smart Learning Environments (2019), 6(28),

The ever-growing amount of learning material poses a challenge to both learners and teachers. In order to perform a learning task, students often need to search for additional information. Inquiry might ... [more ▼]

The ever-growing amount of learning material poses a challenge to both learners and teachers. In order to perform a learning task, students often need to search for additional information. Inquiry might be hampered if they do not know what exactly to search for, especially if they lack prior knowledge in a domain. Furthermore, they might need to recall meta-information, e.g., the implicit links between learning resources or the location of an explanation within a document. In addition, their performance in a learning task might suffer from the constant need for further information. As the authoring of learning material is a time-intensive task, reusability of resources in different contexts should be enabled. In this paper, we present the ALMA-Yactul ecosystem, a holistic approach for student-centered integration of learning material. Based on semantic annotations, learners are provided with scaffolding support for retrieving material related to their current study task. This integration of resources is showcased in a variety of applications and domains, such as a plugin for an IDE or an enhanced sketchnoting app. Moreover, we show how Yactul, a gamified student response platform, can benefit from semantic annotations and integration of learning material. Additionally, teachers are provided with semi-automatic annotation support in the popular Office 365 suite to foster the reusability of their content. Apart from presenting the results of its usage in university classes, we also show how high school students without prior knowledge benefitted from this scaffolding support. A significantly better performance in resolving programming-related tasks could be observed compared to a traditional search process. Finally, the ecosystem is evaluated against a state-of-the-art technology integration model. [less ▲]

Atlas of Migration - 2019

Book published by Publications Office of the European Union (2019)

The Atlas of Migration is a reference book providing a snapshot of migration and a knowledge base for policymakers, stakeholders, businesses, researchers and the general public. It provides insights on ... [more ▼]

The Atlas of Migration is a reference book providing a snapshot of migration and a knowledge base for policymakers, stakeholders, businesses, researchers and the general public. It provides insights on migration up to 2018 for all EU Member States and 160 non-EU countries. [less ▲]

Tax Evasion and the Minimum Wage

Speeches/Talks (2019)

Inter-regional innovation cooperation and structural heterogeneity:Does being a rural, or border region, or both, make a difference?

in Journal of Rural Studies (2019)

This paper analyses the determinants of inter-regional innovation cooperation in European knowledge networks. Our main goal is to assess whether structural heterogeneity in the context of the “urban ... [more ▼]

This paper analyses the determinants of inter-regional innovation cooperation in European knowledge networks. Our main goal is to assess whether structural heterogeneity in the context of the “urban-rural dichotomy†and international borders can explain differences in the regions’ engagement in inter-regional innovation coopera-tion. We estimate a gravity equation to model innovation cooperation, proxied by inter-regional co-patent ap-plications, as a function of region-specific context conditions as well as technological and geographical distance. Our data comprise dyadic information on 203 NUTS2 regions in 15 European countries (EU-15) for the year 2010. The empirical results show that the basic gravity mechanisms drive the direction and strength of in-novation cooperation between EU regions; i.e., geographical distance acts as an impediment to inter-regional co-patent applications. Regarding the importance of structural heterogeneity, we find that pairs of rural regions have lower levels of innovation cooperation compared to urban regions. Similarly, border regions are generally disadvantaged compared to non-border regions in terms of the intensity of innovation cooperation. However, while the latter result points to a negative border effect, our gravity model estimates also show that pairs of border regions are more active in terms of close geographical innovation cooperation (e.g., through international cross-border cooperation), which partly compensates for the negative border effect. This finding not only holds for urban but also rural border regions and may reflect policy attempts to support border regions, e.g., by strengthening the level of international cross-border cooperation within the EU. [less ▲]