Le dialogue entre les juges en matière de protection des droits de l'homme

in Menetrey, Séverine; Hess, Burkhard (Eds.) Les dialogues des juges en Europe (in press)

Dans cet article, nous allons mettre en exergue quelques aspects des arrêts récents provenant de la Cour de justice de l’UE (Akerberg Frasson, Melloni, Kamberaj)qui démontrent l’émergence d’un standard ... [more ▼]

Dans cet article, nous allons mettre en exergue quelques aspects des arrêts récents provenant de la Cour de justice de l’UE (Akerberg Frasson, Melloni, Kamberaj)qui démontrent l’émergence d’un standard propre de l’UE en matière des droits de l’homme. Cette tendance de la C.J.U.E. contredira le prescrit normatif découlant du « dialogue des juges » d’interprétation conforme à la jurisprudence de la C.E.D.H. avant que l’adhésion de l’UE à la Convention E.D.H. ne soit formellement acquise. [less ▲]

Reflections upon the Interaction between Domestic and European Personal Data Protection Legislation

E-print/Working paper (2014)

This paper assesses whether the European legislative reform on the protection of personal data, in conjunction with national law, responds in a satisfactory manner to the challenges posed by technological ... [more ▼]

This paper assesses whether the European legislative reform on the protection of personal data, in conjunction with national law, responds in a satisfactory manner to the challenges posed by technological evolution and widespread use of Internet. In recent years, the question of State regulation of the processing of personal data by private companies has become urgent as allegations of unauthorized access to personal data have been hotly debated in the European press. Thus, the paper shall first analyse, the appropriateness of European and States' legislation to properly regulate the effective protection of personal data, in particular of obligations applicable to companies storing and processing personal data on European soil. Does the proposed European legislation in the context of the EU's international agreements with the US provide sufficient legal safeguards to ensure the effective protection of personal data in the post-Snowden era? Specific subparts are devoted to the European reform of companies' criminal liability in cases of cyber-attack (a) and of specific obligations imposed on providers of cloud computing services (b). In the second part, I comment on the interpretation of the European data-protection legislation, provided by the Court of Justice, regarding the obligations imposed upon 'intermediaries' that process personal data, such as the Internet service providers (a) and Internet search engines (b). The Court of Justice has interpreted the European legislation in a manner that allows courts and national authorities to impose on companies a set of safeguards to protect individuals against the infringement of copyright and privacy rights. [less ▲]

Deferential Dialogues between supranational and constitutional courts in the European multi-level system

in Sandru, Mihai; Martinico, Giuseppe; Banu, Mihai (Eds.) Dealing with EU law, The role of supranational courts in the interpretation and the application of European Union law (2013)

constitutional dialogues, preliminary ruling, constitutional pluralism

Deferential dialogues between the Court of Justice and domestic courts regarding the compatibility of the EU Data Retention Directive with (higher?) national fundamental rights standards

in Perspectives on Federalism (2013), 5(3), 1-23

This article examines the nature, purpose and effect of constitutional dialogues between the Court of Justice of the European Union and constitutional courts taking as example the difficulty encountered ... [more ▼]

This article examines the nature, purpose and effect of constitutional dialogues between the Court of Justice of the European Union and constitutional courts taking as example the difficulty encountered in the implementation of the 2006 Data Retention Directive in several Member States. The cooperative relationship, called “deference”, is based on the autonomy and voluntary willingness of national courts to ask for a preliminary ruling by the Court of Justice. Avenues of “silent” dialogue, as happens when constitutional courts do not send for a preliminary ruling while still following the Court’s precedents, are also explored. The case-law where constitutional courts exercised their competence to indirectly review the validity of EU legislation is discussed in light of the constitutional pluralism paradigm. Finally, in the particular field of personal data retention, the judicial activism of the Luxembourg Court in upholding the validity of EU legislation is heavily criticized in light of the protection of fundamental rights. For the judicial dialogue to function properly, both the Court of Justice and constitutional courts should show “deference” to each other's sensitivities in light of the principle of loyal cooperation entrenched in the EU Treaties. [less ▲]

Report on Romania

in Martinico, Giuseppe; Pollicino, Oreste (Eds.) National Judges and Supranational Laws. On the effective application of the EC Law and the ECHR (2010)

Le métissage des ordres juridiques européens (une "théorie impure" de l'ordre juridique)

in Cahiers de Droit Européen (2007)