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See detailInvestigating children's chemical exposome - Description and possible determinants of exposure in the region of Luxembourg based on hair analysisInvestigating children's chemical exposome - Description and possible determinants of exposure in the region of Luxembourg based on hair analysis
Iglesias-González, Alba; Schweitzer, Mylène; Palazzi, Paul et al

in Water and Environmental International (2022)

The specific physiology and behaviour of children makes them particularly vulnerable to chemical exposure. Specific studies must therefore be conducted to understand the impact of pollution on children's ... [more ▼]

The specific physiology and behaviour of children makes them particularly vulnerable to chemical exposure. Specific studies must therefore be conducted to understand the impact of pollution on children's health. Human biomonitoring is a reliable approach for exposure assessment, and hair, allowing the detection of parent chemicals and metabolites, and covering wider time windows than urine and blood is particularly adapted to study chronic exposure. The present study aims at assessing chemical exposure and investigating possible determinants of exposure in children living in Luxembourg. Hair samples were collected from 256 children below 13 y/o and tested for 153 compounds (140 pesticides, 4 PCBs, 7 BDEs and 2 bisphenols). Moreover, anthropometric parameters, information on diet, residence, and presence of pets at home was collected through questionnaires. Correlations, regressions, t-tests, PLS-DA and MANOVAs, were used to investigate exposure patterns. Twenty-nine to 88 (median = 61) compounds were detected per sample. The highest median concentration was observed for BPA (133.6 pg/mg). Twenty-three biomarkers were detected in ≥ 95% of the samples, including 13 in all samples (11 pesticides, BPA and BPS). Exposure was higher at younger ages (R2 = 0.57), and boys were more exposed to non-persistent pesticides than girls. Presence of persistent organic pollutants in most children suggests that exposure is still ongoing. Moreover, diet (e.g. imazalil: 0.33 pg/mg in organic, 1.15 pg/mg in conventional, p-value < 0.001), residence area (e.g. imidacloprid: 0.29 pg/mg in urban, 0.47 pg/mg in countryside, p-value = 0.03), and having pets (e.g. fipronil: 0.32 pg/mg in pets, 0.09 pg/mg in no pets, p-value < 0.001) were identified as determinants of exposure. The present study demonstrates that children are simultaneously exposed to multiple pollutants from different chemical classes, and confirms the suitability of hair to investigate exposure. These results set the basis for further investigations to better understand the determinants of chemical exposure in children. [less ▲]

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See detailBiomonitoring of fast-elimination endocrine disruptors - Results from a 6-month follow up on human volunteers with repeated urine and hair collection.
Fäys, François; Hardy, Emilie M.; Palazzi, Paul et al

in The Science of the total environment (2021), 778

BACKGROUND: The assessment of human exposure to fast-elimination endocrine disruptors (ED) such as phthalates, bisphenols or pesticides is usually based on urinary biomarkers. The variability of ... [more ▼]

BACKGROUND: The assessment of human exposure to fast-elimination endocrine disruptors (ED) such as phthalates, bisphenols or pesticides is usually based on urinary biomarkers. The variability of biomarkers concentration, due to rapid elimination from the body combined with frequent exposure is however pointed out as a major limitation to exposure assessment. Other matrices such as hair, less sensitive to short-term variations in the exposure, have been proposed as possible alternatives. Nevertheless, no study compared the information obtained from hair and urine respectively in a follow-up allowing to assess biomarkers variability over time in these two matrices, and to compare the correlation between them. METHODS: In the present study, hair and urine samples were collected from 16 volunteers over a 6 months follow-up. All in all, 92 hair samples and 805 urines samples were collected and analyzed for the presence of 16 phthalate metabolites, 4 bisphenols and 8 pesticides/metabolites. RESULTS: All the biomarkers analyzed were detected in at least one of the two matrices. 21 biomarkers were more frequently detected in hair, 6 in urine, and 1 was equivalent. Biomarkers intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) ranged from 0.1 to 0.8 (ten above 0.4) in hair, and from 0.09 to 0.51 in urine (two above 0.4). The concentrations of biomarkers in hair and urine were significantly correlated for only one compound. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the complexity of assessing exposure to fast-elimination ED and suggests considering with caution the specificity of the matrix in data interpretation. The results document the respective advantages and limitations of urine and hair, and provide new insight in the understanding of the information provided by these biological matrices and their relevance for the assessment of human exposure to fast elimination contaminants. CAPSULE: 92 hair and 805 urine samples collected from 16 volunteers over 6 months, tested for phthalate metabolites, bisphenols and pesticides. 19 biomarkers (in hair) and 24 (in urine) were detected in >50% of the samples. [less ▲]

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