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  Accurate long-read sequencing identified GBA variants as a major genetic risk factor in the Luxembourg Parkinson\textquoterights study 2023.03.29.23287880Peiris, Sinthuja  ; Landoulsi, Zied ; Pavelka, Lukas et alE-print/Working paper (2023) Heterozygous variants in the glucocerebrosidase GBA gene are an increasingly recognized risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Due to the pseudogene GBAP1 that shares 96\% sequence homology with the ... [more ▼] Heterozygous variants in the glucocerebrosidase GBA gene are an increasingly recognized risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Due to the pseudogene GBAP1 that shares 96\% sequence homology with the GBA coding region, accurate variant calling by array-based or short-read sequencing methods remains a major challenge in understanding the genetic landscape of GBA-related PD. We established a novel long-read sequencing technology for assessing the full length of the GBA gene. We used subsequent regression models for genotype-phenotype analyses. We sequenced 752 patients with parkinsonism and 806 healthy controls of the Luxembourg Parkinson's study. All GBA variants identified showed a 100% true positive rate by Sanger validation. We found 12% of unrelated PD patients carrying GBA variants. Three novel variants of unknown significance (VUS) were identified. Using a structure-based approach, we defined a potential risk prediction method for VUS. This study describes the full landscape of GBA-related parkinsonism in Luxembourg, showing a high prevalence of GBA variants as the major genetic risk for PD. Our approach provides an important advancement for highly accurate GBA variant calling, which is essential for providing access to emerging causative therapies for GBA carriers. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 160 (3 UL)  Subthalamic nucleus stimulation restores the efferent cortical drive to muscle in parallel to functional motor improvement.; ; et al in The European journal of neuroscience (2012), 35(6), 896-908 Pathological synchronization in large-scale motor networks constitutes a pathophysiological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Corticomuscular synchronization in PD is pronounced in lower frequency ... [more ▼] Pathological synchronization in large-scale motor networks constitutes a pathophysiological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Corticomuscular synchronization in PD is pronounced in lower frequency bands (< 10 Hz), whereas efficient cortical motor integration in healthy persons is driven in the beta frequency range. Electroencephalogram and electromyogram recordings at rest and during an isometric precision grip task were performed in four perioperative sessions in 10 patients with PD undergoing subthalamic nucleus deep-brain stimulation: (i) 1 day before (D0); (ii) 1 day after (D1); (iii) 8 days after implantation of macroelectrodes with stimulation off (D8StimOff); and (iv) on (D8StimOn). Analyses of coherence and phase delays were performed in order to challenge the effects of microlesion and stimulation on corticomuscular coherence (CMC). Additionally, local field potentials recorded from the subthalamic nucleus on D1 allowed comprehensive mapping of motor-related synchronization in subthalamocortical and cerebromuscular networks. Motor performance improved at D8StimOn compared with D0 and D8StimOff paralleled by a reduction of muscular activity and CMC in the theta band (3.9-7.8 Hz) and by an increase of CMC in the low-beta band (13.7-19.5 Hz). Efferent motor cortical drives to muscle presented mainly below 10 Hz on D8StimOff that were suppressed on D8StimOn and occurred on higher frequencies from 13 to 45 Hz. On D1, coherence of the high-beta band (20.5-30.2 Hz) increased during movement compared with rest in subthalamomuscular and corticomuscular projections, whereas it was attenuated in subcorticocortical projections. The present findings lend further support to the concept of pathological network synchronization in PD that is beneficially modulated by stimulation. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 181 (0 UL)Long-term follow-up of subthalamic nucleus stimulation in glucocerebrosidase-associated Parkinson's disease.; ; et al in Journal of neurology (2012), 259(9), 1970-2 Detailed reference viewed: 202 (0 UL) |
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