The impact of ageing population on pay-as-you-go pension systems: The case of LuxembourgGuigou, Jean-Daniel ; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() in Journal of International Finance and Economics (2010), 1 Financing of the Luxembourg pension system is based on a pay-as-you-go system and hence on an intergenerational contract. As is the case for most other European countries, this system will be exposed to ... [more ▼] Financing of the Luxembourg pension system is based on a pay-as-you-go system and hence on an intergenerational contract. As is the case for most other European countries, this system will be exposed to the effects of demographic aging over the coming decades. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of this demographic deficit on the long term sustainability of the Luxembourg pension system. We proceed in two steps. In a first step, we highlight the evolution of salaries in Luxembourg. To this end, we use the recent statistical group based trajectory model of D. Nagin (Nagin 2005). We estimate model parameters from a single database, provided by the general social security inspection office (IGSS) and containing annual salaries of all wage earners in the Luxembourg private sector. As a result we divide up the population into nine groups, each with its own mean salary trajectory in time and its relative weight in society. In a second step, we evaluate the pension system by means of a new criterion. This is the sustainability coefficient, which we define as the average amount (in euros) that the labor force has to earn to fund one euro of pension payments, based on current legislation. Our estimations show the high sensitivity of the coefficient to demographic variables and highlight the risks threatening the Luxembourg pay-as-you-go system. To this aim, we develop a theoretical model consistent with our statistical analysis. This model allows for the determination of both the initial level and the evolution of the pensions for each of the groups identified in the first step of our work. Knowing the weight of each of the groups within the Luxembourg population, we are then able to evaluate the sustainability coefficient of the system. This corresponds to comparing the sum of all incomes of the labor force to that of all the pensions paid to pensioners at a given date while taking into account the growth rate of the population in time. Finally, we interpret our results in the light of other sustainability criteria, such as the rate of contributions which ensures long-term stability of the pension level under the current legislation or the pension level that current contributions are able to finance in the long run. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 172 (9 UL) Applying Shape Analysis on the two dimensional objects in medecine: Differentiation of tumors in early childhoodSchiltz, Jang ; ; in Proceedings of the Jangjeon Mathematical Society (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 51 (0 UL) Les retraites au Luxembourg : modélisation et évaluation d'un système diversifié avec répartition et capitalisationGuigou, Jean-Daniel ; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() Report (2010) Nous développons un modèle permettant d évaluer l e¢ cacité d un système de pension diversi é - dont le nancement est basé à la fois sur la répartition et la capitalisation - à partir de données propres ... [more ▼] Nous développons un modèle permettant d évaluer l e¢ cacité d un système de pension diversi é - dont le nancement est basé à la fois sur la répartition et la capitalisation - à partir de données propres au Luxembourg. Le critère d e¢ cacité retenu est celui de la soutenabilité à long terme du système. Nous comparons ainsi la soutenabilité dans le temps d un régime combinant répartition et capitalisation avec celle d un régime reposant uniquement soit sur la répartition, soit sur la capitalisation. Cette étude procède en trois étapes. La première étape consiste à mettre en évidence les courbes d évolution des salaires au Luxembourg. Pour y parvenir, nous avons utilisé une méthode statis- tique récente basée sur les trajectoires de développement. Nous avons estimé les paramètres du modèle à partir d une base de données unique, fournie par l IGSS, comprenant les salaires annualisés de tous les employés du secteur privé luxem- bourgeois. Nous avons ainsi obtenu neuf trajectoires moyennes d évolution des salaires ainsi que le poids de chacune d elles dans la société luxembourgeoise. La deuxième étape propose une évaluation du système d assurance-pension luxembourgeois à partir d un nouveau critère : le coe¢ cient de soutenabilité. Il s agit du nombre d euros que les actifs doivent gagner en moyenne pour assurer chaque euro de retraite avec la législation en vigueur. Nos estimations montrent la forte sensibilité du coe¢ cient de soutenabilité aux variables démographiques, mettant ainsi en évidence le risque qui pèse sur le système par répartition au Luxembourg. La troisième et dernière étape introduit la capitalisation dans l analyse. Concrè- tement, il s agit d une épargne-retraite constituée par annuités constantes et pla- cée à un taux d intérêt aléatoire. Le problème revient alors à déterminer le mon- tant optimal de l annuité pour chacun des neuf groupes d individus déjà identi és et d en déduire les ratios répartition/capitalisation correspondants. Notre critère repose là aussi sur le nombre d euros qu il est nécessaire de gagner pour assurer le nancement de chaque euro de retraite, et de la variabilité de ce nombre, mais en tenant compte cette fois-ci, non seulement de l e¤ort collectif (via la répartition), mais aussi de l e¤ort individuel (via la capitalisation). Le but est alors de contrôler la variabilité de l e¤ort total au sein du nouveau système, sous la contrainte d un gain en soutenabilité par rapport au système initial. Des résultats di¤érents en termes de ratio répartition/capitalisation d une part, et d annuités d autre part, sont obtenus en fonction du gain de soutenabilité que l on se donne a priori. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 187 (2 UL) Differentiation Tests for the Mean Shape and the Mean Variance of Renal Tumours appearing in early Childhood; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() in Lechevallier, Yves; Saporta, Gilbert (Eds.) Proceedings of COMPSTAT'2010 (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 244 (5 UL) Formanalyse in der Magnetresonanztomografie – Landmarken und Objektdifferenzierung bei retroperitonealen Tumoren im Kindesalter.; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() Scientific Conference (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 57 (2 UL) Application of shape analysis on renal tumors in 3D; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() in Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Health Informatics and Bioinformatics (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 119 (0 UL) An Optimal Control Approach to Portfolio Optimisation with Conditioning Information; Schiltz, Jang ![]() E-print/Working paper (2010) Detailed reference viewed: 78 (1 UL) Fonctionnement limite et traumatismes de vie; ; et al Scientific Conference (2009, November 18) Detailed reference viewed: 109 (0 UL) Application of Statistical Shape Analysis to the Classification of Renal Tumorurs Appearing in Early Childhood; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() Scientific Conference (2009, July 16) Detailed reference viewed: 72 (1 UL) Application of statistical shape analysis to the classification of renal tumours appearing in early childhood; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() Scientific Conference (2009, July 01) Detailed reference viewed: 60 (1 UL) Application of statistical shape analysis to the differentiation of cancers appearing in childhood; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() Scientific Conference (2009, June 20) Detailed reference viewed: 73 (0 UL) Group-based trajectory modeling and applications to eonomicsGuigou, Jean-Daniel ; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() Scientific Conference (2009, June 19) Detailed reference viewed: 71 (0 UL) Application of Statistical Shape Analysis to the Classification of Renal Tumours Appearing in Childhood; ; Schiltz, Jang ![]() Scientific Conference (2009, April 23) Detailed reference viewed: 62 (0 UL)![]() New Technical Expertises of Multi-Sensor Analysers for Odour Evaluation and Applications in Liquid Measuring Instruments; ; et al Scientific Conference (2009, March 30) Detailed reference viewed: 72 (0 UL) Applications de l'Art Thérapie. Approche clinique et expérimentale intégrée Tome 1 : Domaine psychopédagogique et développemental; ; Schiltz, Jang et alBook published by Saint-Paul (2009) Detailed reference viewed: 95 (0 UL) Applying Shape Analysis in Medecine and EngineeringSchiltz, Jang ; ; et alin Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series III: Mathematics, Informtics, Physics (2009), 2(51), 59-74 We describe two applications of statistical shape analysis. For the differentiation of the different kidney tumours appearing in early childhood we use shape analysis of two-dimensionnal MRI images. For ... [more ▼] We describe two applications of statistical shape analysis. For the differentiation of the different kidney tumours appearing in early childhood we use shape analysis of two-dimensionnal MRI images. For the analysis of odours in biogas plants, we use shape analysis to interpret the data provided by electronic noses. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 60 (1 UL) Applications de l'Art Thérapie. Approche clinique et expérimentale intégrée. Tome 2 : Domaine clinique et psychosocial; ; Schiltz, Jang et alBook published by Saint-Paul (2009) Detailed reference viewed: 159 (0 UL) Zwei IT-Sicherheitsmethoden im Vergleich: Mehari versus BSI IT-Grundschutz; Schiltz, Jang ![]() E-print/Working paper (2008) Detailed reference viewed: 126 (3 UL) Developing and Evaluating a Computerized Adaptive Mathematical TestSchiltz, Jang ![]() in Stemmler, Mark; Lautsch, Erwin; Martinke, Dirk (Eds.) Configural Frequency Analysis (CFA) and other non-parametrical methods: Gustav A. Lienert Memorial Issue. (2008) The theoretical basis underlying the construction of a CAT is summed up and the item response theory explained. In comparison with a classical paper-and-pencil test, the characteristics and the advantages ... [more ▼] The theoretical basis underlying the construction of a CAT is summed up and the item response theory explained. In comparison with a classical paper-and-pencil test, the characteristics and the advantages of a CAT are exposed. After performing a thorough analysis of the data, we developed a CAT based on the responses of 3590 children to a standardized mathematical test. The software presents a great amount of flexibility and allows treating multiple-choice items, as well as items with free response options and graphical items. Some results of an empirical evaluating study are presented. We showed that qualities of power, flexibility and economy of time of the CAT do not imply the loss of the classical psychometric properties of a paper-and-pencil test; we analyze the carry-over effect between the computerized and the paper-and-pencil test situation and as well as the relations between mathematical skills and general cognitive abilities. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 47 (1 UL) Analysing the relationship between Biographical Events and the Current Structural Functioning of Personality (en collaboration avec L. Schiltz (CRP-Santé).; Schiltz, Jang ![]() in Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Médicales du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (2008), 1 We present the general structure of a multi-annual research project. Our general expectancy concerns the possibilities of arts psychotherapy as a means of launching the blocked process of subjectivation ... [more ▼] We present the general structure of a multi-annual research project. Our general expectancy concerns the possibilities of arts psychotherapy as a means of launching the blocked process of subjectivation with people suffering from exclusion, precarity and marginalization. The research project follows a complex research design with a sequential strategy, the first part consisting in an integrated psychosocial and clinical study using a mixed methodology. We constructed special rating scales for the analysis of the data of a semi-structured biographical interview and also for the holistic interpretation of the Rotter Blank Sentences Test, separating the associations to sentences beginning with the third and first person. The correlations between two sets of variables (biographical interview and Rotter test) were computed for the total experimental group (N=206), and for clinical subgroups. We shall analyse the matrices of correlations (Spearman's Rho) with the help of optimal scaling procedures (OVERALS). The links between traumatic biographical events and responses to the 3rd, respectively 1st person items of the Rotter test are interpreted in terms of unconscious versus conscious psychological processes and allow us analysing the expression of defence mechanisms and coping strategies. The results of the study are discussed in the light of the recent traumatogenic hypothesis of borderline functioning. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 125 (0 UL) |
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