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Wi-Fi butterfly effect in indoor localization: The impact of imprecise ground truth and small-scale fading
Popleteev, Andrei
2017In 14th IEEE Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communications (WPNC-2017)
Peer reviewed
 

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Keywords :
indoor localization; small-scale fading; ground truth; fingerprinting; radio propagation; Wi-Fi butterfly effect; performance evaluation; experiment design
Abstract :
[en] The increasing accuracy of indoor positioning systems makes their evaluation an increasingly challenging task. A number of factors are already known to affect performance of fingerprint-based systems: hardware diversity, device orientation, environment dynamics. This paper presents a new butterfly-like effect in localization experiments. The effect is caused by minor ground truth (GT) errors --- that is, small deviations between calibration and test positions. While such deviations are widely considered as purely additive and thus negligible, we demonstrate that even centimeter-scale GT errors are amplified by small-scale radio fading and lead to severe multi-meter Wi-Fi positioning errors. The results show that fingerprint-based localization accuracy quickly deteriorates as GT errors increase towards 0.4 wavelength (5 cm for 2.4 GHz). Beyond that threshold, system's accuracy saturates to about one-third of its original level achievable with precise GT. This effect challenges the impact of the already known accuracy-limiting factors (such as cross-user tests, receiver diversity, device orientation and temporal variations), as they can be partially explained by minor GT errors. Moreover, for smartphone-in-a-hand experiments, this effect directly associates the evaluation outcomes with experimenters' diligence.
Research center :
Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT) > Networking Research Group (NetLab)
Disciplines :
Computer science
Author, co-author :
Popleteev, Andrei ;  University of Luxembourg > Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SNT)
External co-authors :
no
Language :
English
Title :
Wi-Fi butterfly effect in indoor localization: The impact of imprecise ground truth and small-scale fading
Publication date :
October 2017
Event name :
14th IEEE Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communications (WPNC-2017)
Event date :
25-10-2017 to 26-10-2017
Main work title :
14th IEEE Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communications (WPNC-2017)
Peer reviewed :
Peer reviewed
FnR Project :
FNR8311593 - Indoor Navigation With Ambient Radio Signals, 2014 (01/02/2015-31/07/2017) - Andrei Popleteev
Funders :
FNR - Fonds National de la Recherche [LU]
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since 12 October 2017

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